How are gametes made?

• Gametes are haploids
• What are homologous chromosomes?

  Chromosomes that have the same structure and gene sequence
• What is the significance of gametes in sexual reproduction?

  They are the reproductive cells that combine to form a new organism
• What is a tetrad in genetics?

  A structure formed by the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
• What happens during the separation of sister chromatids?

  They are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell during cell division
• What is the result of separating sister chromatids?

  It results in two identical daughter cells
• How many chromosomes are present in a diploid (2N) cell?

  It contains two sets of chromosomes
• What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of chromosome number?

  It produces four haploid (1N) cells from one diploid (2N) cell
• How does the number of chromatids change during cell division?

  The number of chromatids doubles before division and halves after separation
• What does the notation XX-XX represent in genetics?

  It indicates the presence of homologous chromosomes in a diploid organism
• What is the role of the spindle fibers during cell division?

  They help separate the chromosomes and move them to opposite sides of the cell
• What is the significance of the cell lining up at the center during division?

  It ensures that each daughter cell receives an equal number of chromosomes
• How does the process of meiosis differ from mitosis?

  Meiosis results in four genetically diverse haploid cells, while mitosis results in two identical diploid cells