blurt 2

• What was the result of the unified railroad line regarding time?

  Time was unified.
• How did the unified railroad line affect the use of clocks and watches?

  There was no use of clocks and watches to determine train arrival times.
• What was the Gadsden Purchase associated with?

  It was associated with faster transport.
• What economic benefits did the unified railroad line provide?

  It resulted in cheaper costs and nationwide markets.
• What was the first major industry mentioned in the study material?

  The Bessemer Process.
• Who figured out a way to make steel production easier, cheaper, and faster?

  Henry Bessemer.
• What was the significance of the Brooklyn Bridge?

  It symbolized American success, ingenuity, and hard work.
• What are Robber Barons known for negatively?

  They stole from the poor and exploited workers.
• What positive contributions did Robber Barons make?

  They were leaders of innovation and created jobs.
• Name one of the Robber Barons mentioned in the study material.

  John D. Rockefeller.
• What does the term "Horizontal Industry" refer to?

  It refers to spreading out and gobbling up competition to form one large company.
• What is an example of a "Vertical Industry"?

  Carnegie's steel production.
• What is the concept of Social Darwinism in relation to business?

  It suggests that competition leads to the survival of the fittest in business.
• What is a monopoly in business terms?

  Owning everything in a particular industry.
• What does Laissez Faire mean?

  Letting the market decide supply and demand.
• What was the purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

  To prevent one company from controlling everything in an industry.
• Why was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act considered ineffective?

  The government had no power to enforce it.
• Who ruled the political landscape during the era of Robber Barons?

  Party bosses like Boss Tweed.
• What did Americans want from the federal government regarding socioeconomic problems?

  They wanted the government to curb the power of trusts and monopolies.
• What did the Interstate Commerce Act regulate?

  It regulated railroad companies in the west.
• What was the purpose of the Pendleton Act of 1883?

  It was a civil service act aimed at reforming government jobs.
• What was the "crime of 73" related to?

  The demonetization of silver.
• What did the Bland-Allison Act limit?

  It limited silver coinage to 2-4 million per month.
• What was the role of the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry?

  It organized farmers to lobby for regulations on railroad companies.
• What was the outcome of the Grange movement by the late 1870s?

  It rapidly declined.
• What did the Farmers Alliances evolve from?

  They morphed from the Grange movement.
• When did the Populist Party meet and where?

  They met in Omaha, Nebraska in July 1892.
• What was the Omaha Platform of 1892 focused on?

  It outlined the Populist Party's demands for economic reforms.
• What was the significance of the "Cross of Gold" speech?

  It emphasized the plight of farmers and the need for silver coinage.
• Who were the two main candidates in the 1896 election?

  William Jennings Bryan and William McKinley.
• Why did William Jennings Bryan lose the 1896 election?

  He failed to form alliances with other groups and lost urban voters.
• What are the key features of the Big Business Model?

  • Horizontal Industry: Acquiring competitors to form one large company.
  • Vertical Industry: Owning all aspects of production.
  • Monopoly: Controlling an entire industry.
  • Laissez Faire: Minimal government intervention in the market.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Robber Barons?

  Strengths:

  • Leaders of innovation
  • Created jobs
  • Raised standard of living

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Exploited workers
  • Engaged in corruption
  • Drove competitors to ruin
• What were the main demands of the Populist Party as outlined in the Omaha Platform?

  • Abolition of the national bank
  • Direct election of senators
  • Government ownership of RRs and utilities
  • 8-hour workday for government employees
  • Re-monitization of silver
• What was the primary focus of the Gold Standard Act of 1900?

  Gold triumphs over silver
• What does the Gold Standard Act of 1900 signify about the nation's economic commitment?

  It shows the nation’s commitment to the gold standard
• What were the main goals of labor unions?

  • Shorter hours
  • Better working conditions
  • Better pay
• What term is used for replacement workers during labor disputes?

  Scabs
• What is a lockout in the context of labor disputes?

  A lockout is when management prevents workers from entering the workplace
• What does blacklisting refer to in labor relations?

  Blacklisting refers to the practice of denying employment to union members