Ideal gases 2

    Cards (23)

    • What is the Avogadro constant?

      6.022 x 10^23, the number of atoms in 12g of carbon.
    • What is the equation for the total number of atoms or molecules in a substance?
      n is the number of moles of the substance.
      A) n - number of moles of substance
    • What is the kinetic theory of matter?

      Model that describes all substances as made of atoms, ions, or molecules arranged differently depending on the phase of the substance.
    • What is an ideal gas?

      A model of a gas including assumptions that simplify the behaviour of real gases.
    • What are the assumptions made in the kinetic model for an ideal gas?
      • Gas contains large number of atoms, moving in random directions
      • Atoms occupy a negligible volume compared with the volume of the gas
      • The collisions of atoms with eachother and the wall are elastic (no kinetic energy is lost)
      • Time of collisions between the atoms is negligible compared to the time between the collisions
      • Electrostatic forces between atoms are negligible except during collisions
    • What is the equation for molar mass M ?

      m = n x M
    • What is relationship between pressure and volume for a gas?

      If the temperature and mass of gas remain constant, the pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume.
    • What is Boyle's Law?

      The pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume, provided that the mass of gas and the temperature do not vary.
    • What is the relationship between pressure and temperature for a gas?

      If the volume and mass of gas remains constant, pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
    • What equation do you get when you combine the gas laws?

      For an ideal gas, if the conditions are changing from an intial state to final state:
    • What is the molar gas constant?
      • The constant in the equation of state of an ideal gas
      • 8.31 J⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1
    • What is the equation of state for an ideal gas

      pV = nRT
    • What is the root mean square speed (r.m.s. speed)?
      The square root of the mean square speed of all particles in a gas.
    • What is the mean square speed?

      The mean of the squared velocities of all the particles in a gas.
    • What is the equation for r.m.s speed?

      Equation that equals root mean squared speed.
    • What is the equation when you combine pressure and volume with the r.m.s. speed?
      • N is the number of particles in the gas
      • M is the mass of each particle
      • C is the mean square speed of the particle
    • What is thre Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?

      The distribution of the speeds of particles in a gas.
    • What does the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution look like on a graph?

      T2 is a higher temperature than T1 which is a lower temperature.
    • What is molar mass?

      The mass of one mole of a substance.
    • What is the Boltzmann constant?

      A constant that relates the mean kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in a gas to the gas temperature.
    • What is the equation for Boltzmann constant?

      The value for Bollzmann constant is 1.38 × 10−23 J/K
    • What happens to particles speed at different temperatures?
      • At a given temperature, atoms in different gases have the same kinetic energy
      • However as the particles have different masses their r.m.s. speed is different
    • Internal energy of an ideal gas
      • Assumption of an ideal gas is that the electrostatic forces between particles in the gas are negligible during a collision
      • Meaning there is no potential energy in an ideal gas
      • Doubling the temperature of an ideal gas doubles the average kinetic energy of the particle, doubling the kinetic energy
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