Education: Keywords

    Cards (34)

    • Education
      The process of teaching and learning that takes place in schools, colleges, etc
    • Formal education
      Education that takes place in educational establishments such as schools and universities where people learn knowledge and skills across a wide range of subjects
    • Informal education
      Learning that takes place when people develop knowledge and skills by observing what is happening around them
    • Economy
      A system by which goods and services are produced, distributed and consumed in a region or country. Examples include capitalism and socialism
    • Social mobility
      Movement up or down between the layers or strata of society
    • Citizenship
      A political and legal status linked to membership of a particular state
    • Ascribed status
      Social positions that are fixed at birth and unchanging over time, including a hereditary title linked to family background e.g. Princess or Lord
    • Particularistic standards
      In the family, children are judged against the standards and rules of their particular family and its values
    • Universalistic standards
      Where people are judged by the standards of the wider society, which are applied in the same way to everyone. In school, each student judged against the same standards e.g. in terms of rules and exam criteria
    • Achieved status
      Social positions that are earned on the basis of personal talent or merit
    • Meritocracy
      A system in which individuals' achievement and efforts are based on their own talents and efforts rather than social origins and backgrounds
    • Competition
      A struggle or contest between individuals or groups to obtain something desirable that is in limited supply e.g. qualifications, wealth or status
    • Hidden curriculum
      Things learned indirectly in school that are not for formally taught, such as valuing punctuality or conformity and obedience
    • Correspondence principle
      The way in which what is learned in school through the hidden curriculum mirrors what is required when in the workplace e.g. how schools are organised and how control is exerted will mirror that of the workplace in a capitalist society
    • Curriculum
      The subject content taught in a school
    • Intelligence quotient (IQ)
      A score based on a test designed to measure a person's intelligence
    • Comprehensive school
      A non-selective secondary school that admits all children regardless of their ability
    • Specialist school
      Centres of excellence in particular subject areas, such as languages or technology. They were intended to raise standards of teaching and learning in these areas
    • Free schools
      Schools that are funded directly by the state but are set up and run by parents, teachers, businesses and faith groups
    • Academies
      Schools that have left local authority control and whose funding is provided directly by the government. All schools have been encouraged to convert to academy status status since 2010
    • Further education (FE)
      This sector mainly caters for students aged 16 and over. Courses are usually provided by sixth form and FE colleges
    • Higher education (HE)
      This sector includes universities that provide higher level academic and vocational courses e.g. degrees
    • Fee-paying schools
      A private or independent school that charges school fees
    • Private schools
      Fee-paying schools that are independent of the state sector
    • Public schools
      The older more famous schools, such as Eton and Harrow
    • Independent schools
      Fee-paying private and public schools that are independent of the state sector
    • Selective schools
      Schools that select their intake by having some form of entry requirement such as an entrance examination
    • Ethos
      The distinctive character and values of a particular school
    • Tripartite system
      Created by the 1944 Education Act, this system used the 11-plus exam to asses students' ability levels. Students were then allocated to one of three types of school based on their results (grammar, secondary modern or technical)
    • Eleven plus
      A national IQ test introduced by the 1944 Education Act to be used as a method of allocating students to one of three types of school in the tripartite system
    • Mixed ability
      Where children are taught in classes that are not based on ability, setting or streaming
    • Setting
      Where students are placed into ability groups (such as the top set) for a specific subject such as maths or French
    • Home tuition
      Teaching children at home rather than at school, usually by parents or private tutors
    • Deschooling
      A radical alternative to the current education system. Deschooling involves self-directed education via learning webs. It encourages people to decide what to learn and to go about in creative and exploratory ways
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