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Britain 1951-2007
1951-64 Governments
1955 Election (and 1955;1959 elections)
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Cards (48)
Who won the 1951 election in the UK?
Churchill
and the
Conservatives
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What did Prof. Dilwyn Porter mean by “Atlee’s patriotic socialists gave way to Churchill’s social patriots”?
It indicates a shift in political leadership from
Labour
to
Conservative
values
.
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How long did the Conservatives remain in power after the 1951 election?
From 1951 to
1964
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What were the strengths of the Conservatives during the 1951 election?
Promised to consolidate
Labour's
reforms
Led by
Lord Woolton
with membership drives
Recruited young members
Promised to build
300,000
houses per year
Committed to the
NHS
Accepted Labour's reforms
Continued tripartite education system
Conciliatory towards trade unions
Some industries remained nationalised
Supported liberal and social reforms
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What were the weaknesses of the Labour Party during the 1951 election?
Lacked new policy ideas after fulfilling the
1945
manifesto
Continued post-war rationing
Financial strain from the
Korean War
Won most votes but lost majority seats
Split between
left
and
right
factions
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How did the Labour Party's split between left and right affect their electoral performance?
It prevented them from presenting a
united front
, hurting their
chances.
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What were the key issues that divided the Labour Party's left and right factions?
Prescription charges: Left wanted free
NHS
, Right supported charges
Clause IV
: Left supported
nationalisation
, Right wanted selective use
Nuclear weapons: Left favored
disarmament
, Right opposed it
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How many seats did the Conservatives win in the 1951 election?
321
seats
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How many seats did Labour win in the 1951 election?
295
seats
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Who was the Chancellor of the Exchequer under Churchill's government?
Rab Butler
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Who was the Foreign Secretary under Churchill's government?
Anthony Eden
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Who was the Home Secretary under Churchill's government?
Sir David Maxwell Fyfe
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Who was the Minister of Housing and Local Government under Churchill?
Harold Macmillan
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What were the main policies of the Conservatives from 1951 to 1955?
Denationalisation of the steel industry
Continuation of
Atlee's
policies
Butskellism
Focus on foreign affairs
Testing of the first
atomic bomb
End of rationing by 1955
Mixed economy and Keynesian policies
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What significant event occurred in 1952 under Churchill's government?
Britain tested its first
atomic bomb
.
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What was the impact of the devaluation of the pound?
It improved British
exports
.
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What are the key concepts of Keynesian economics?
Government intervention
to stimulate demand
Increased spending during
recessions
Demand drives supply
Importance of
fiscal policy
over
monetary policy
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What was John Maynard Keynes' criticism of laissez-faire policies?
He argued that
government intervention
was necessary to address high
unemployment
.
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What was the British Nationality Act of 1948?
It allowed people born in the
Commonwealth
to gain a British
passport
.
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What were the results of the 1955 election in the UK?
Conservatives:
345
seats (
49.7%
)
Labour: 277 seats (
46.4%
)
Liberals: 6 seats (
2.7%
)
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What were the results of the 1959 election in the UK?
Conservatives
:
365
seats (
49.4%
)
Labour: 258 seats (43.8%)
Liberals
: 6 seats (
5.9%
)
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Who succeeded Churchill as Conservative leader in 1955?
Anthony Eden
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Who replaced Clement Atlee as Labour Party leader?
Hugh Gaitskell
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What were some notable events during Churchill's government?
Death of
King George VI
Conquest of Everest
Sub 4 Minute Mile achieved in
1954
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What was the impact of the Marshall Plan on Britain?
It
contributed
to
the
recovery
of
the
British
economy.
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How did Churchill's focus on foreign affairs affect domestic policies?
It led to less emphasis on domestic issues during his
tenure
.
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What was the significance of the Clean Air Act 1956?
It represented government regulation for environmental protection.
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What was the Homicide Act of 1957?
It was a liberal reform related to criminal law.
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What was the role of trade unions during the Conservative government?
They had a
conciliatory
relationship
with the government.
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What was the average number of houses built per year under Harold Macmillan?
300,000
houses
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What was the impact of the Korean War on the UK?
It caused
financial
strain
due to
rearming.
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What was the outcome of the motion passed at the 1960 Labour Party Conference?
It supported
unilateral disarmament
but was reversed the following year.
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What did the term "Butskellism" refer to during the Conservative government?
It referred to the blending of Conservative and
Labour
policies.
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What was the significance of the phrase "jam tomorrow" used by Atlee?
It
indicated
promises
of
future benefits
without
immediate results.
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How did the British Nationality Act of 1948 contribute to multiculturalism in Britain?
It allowed
Commonwealth citizens
to settle in Britain, increasing diversity.
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What was the economic condition of Britain post-WW2 as described by Atlee?
Britain owed
£3.5 billion
and faced significant population decline.
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What was the outcome of the 1955 election for the Conservatives?
They won with
345
seats.
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What was the outcome of the 1959 election for the Conservatives?
They won with
365
seats.
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What was the significance of the Sub 4 Minute Mile achievement in 1954?
It represented a
major milestone
in
athletic achievement.
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Who was the last woman to be hanged in England?
Ruth Ellis
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See all 48 cards