Music

• also called as "Age of Reason" Culture life was dominated by aristocracy, as patrons of musicians and artists generally influenced the arts.

  Music of classical period
• Significant changes in musical forms and styles were made in the middle of the 18th century

  Music of classical period
• Europe began to move toward a new style in architecture, literature and the arts. Also pushed forward by changes in the economic order and in social structure. Instrumental music was patronized primarily by the nobility.

  Classicism
• What are some of the important historical events that occurred in the west during classical period

  • French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars
  • American Declaration of Independence in 1776
  • American Revolution
• Denotes conformity with the principles and characteristics of ancient Greek and Roman literature and art which were formal, elegant, simple, freed and dignified.

  Classical
• Harmony and texture is homophonic in general. The dynamics of loud and soft was clearly shown through the extensive use of crescendo and diminuendo

  Classical
• What is the style of broken chord accompaniment that was practiced in the classical

  Alberti Bass
• Who are the 3 great composers from the classical period

  • Franz Joseph Haydn
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
  • Ludwig Van Beethoven
• One of the most prominent composers. His life was describe as a "rags-to-riches" story.

  He was hired by rich patrons and eventually became a musical director for the Estherhazy family for 30 years.

  Franz Joseph Haydn
• His music reflects his character and personality: mainly calm, balanced, serious but with touches of humor. He was able to compose over 100 symphonies and developed them into long forms for a large orchestra

  Franz Joseph Haydn
• He was named, " Father of the Symphony". Most of his symphonies have nicknames such as the "Surprise Symphony", "The Clock", "The Military" He also wrote chamber piano music and choral works

  Franz Joseph Haydn
• What are some of Haydn's Instrumental works

  • Symphony no. 94 in G Major, "Surprise" 2nd movement
  • Symphony no. 101 in D Major, "The Clock"
  • Symphony no. 100 in G Major, "Military
• A child prodigy and the most amazing genius in musical history.

  •At the age of five, he was already playing the violin and harpsichord. • At the age of six, he was recognized as an exceptional pianist.

  •At the age of seven, he was already composing excellent music.

  •At the age of thirteen, he had written sonatas, concertos, symphonies, religious works and operas and operettas

  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• He experimented in all kinds of music and composed over 700 works. • Unfortunately, due to mismanaged finances he lived in poverty, died young (35) and was buried in an unknown grave.

  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• OTHER KNOWN WORKS OF MOZART

  • Eine Kleine Nachtmusik
  • Symphony no. 40 in G Major
  • Sonata no. 11 in A Major K311
• Was born in Bonn, Germany to a family of musicians and studied music at an early age. He was the composer who bridged the late Classical era and the early Romantic era. He was a talented pianist and composer.

  Ludwig Van Beethoven
• His famous compositions include 32 piano sonatas, 21 set of variations, 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 16 string quartets and choral music. He began to go deaf in 1796 (26) but this did not become a hindrance.

  Ludwig Van Beethoven
• He continued composing through the help of an assistant and hearing gadget, Some of his famous compositions were made when he was deaf

  Ludwig Van Beethoven
• What are some of the works of Beethoven

  • Missa Solemnis (1818-1823)
  • Fidelio (1805) opera
  • Symphony No. 3 ("Eroica")
• His music veered toward large orchestras. Sound was centered on the violas and lower registers of the violins and cellos to give his music a darker

  Characteristics of Beethovens Works
• All themes in a piece are tied together by one motif. He developed musical themes and motifs extensively by means of modulation. He used more brass instruments and dynamics.

  Characteristics of Beethovens Works
• A multi-movement work for solo instrument. Came from the word sonore which means "to make a sound.

  Sonata
• THREE EXCERPT MOVEMENT OF SONATA

  • 1st movement - Allegro
  • 2nd movement - Andante
  • 3d movement - Minuet
• it is in three four time signature and in a moderate or fast tempo on sonata

  Minuet
• It is the slow movement on sonata

  Andante
• it is the fast movement on sonata

  allegro
• 3 DISTINCT SECTIONS OF SONATA ALLEGRO FORM

  • Exposition
  • Concerto
  • Symphony
• the first part in sonata form that introduces the theme.

  Exposition
• is the middle part of the sonata-allegro form wherein themes are being developed,

  Development
• repeats the theme as they first emerge in the opening exposition.

  Recapitulation
• A multi-movement work designed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra

  Concerto
• SOLO INSTRUMENTS IN CLASSICAL CONCERTOS

  • Viola
  • Cello
  • Clarinet
  • Bassoon
  • Trumpet
  • Horn
  • Piano
• THREE MOVEMENT OF CONCERTO 1st movement - Fast 2nd movement - Slow 3rd movement - Fast Finale
• Sonata-Allegro form with expositions of the orchestra and then by the soloist on concerto.

  Fast
• Has more ornamental than the 1st movement on concerto

  Slow
• Usually in front of rondo, resembling the last movement of the symphony and usually a short cadenza is used on concerto

  Fast Finale
• A multi-movement work for orchestra. Derived from the word "sinfonia" which literally means "harmonious sounding together".

  Symphony
• FOUR MOVEMENTS OF THE SYMPHONY

  • 1st movement - Fast
  • 2nd movement - Slow
  • 3rd movement - Medium/Fast
  • 4th movement - Fast
• Sonata-allegro form on symphony

  Fast
• Gentle, lyrical- typical ABA form or theme and variation.

  Slow