Ananphy

    Cards (44)

    • What does the term "lymphatic" mean in relation to the lymphatic system?
      "Clear water"
    • What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
      It returns fluid from tissues to the heart.
    • How does the lymphatic system assist with large molecules?
      It helps large molecules enter the blood.
    • What role does the lymphatic system play in immune surveillance?
      It helps with immune surveillance.
    • What is the fluid that seeps out of capillaries daily?
      • 20L seeps out of capillaries
      • 17L is reabsorbed
      • 3L is collected by lymphatics and returned to blood
    • What is the volume of blood in the human body?
      5L
    • How often is blood recycled in the body?
      Blood is constantly in motion and recycled over and over each day.
    • Is the lymphatic system a closed loop?
      No, the lymphatic system isn't a closed loop.
    • What are the smallest lymphatic vessels called?
      Lymphatic capillaries
    • What is a characteristic of lymphatic capillaries?
      They have permeable walls.
    • What do endothelial cells in lymphatic capillaries form?
      They form one-way minivalves.
    • What are the main trunks of the lymphatic system?
      • Lumbar
      • Bronchomediastinal
      • Subclavian
      • Jugular
      • Intestinal
      • Right lymphatic duct
      • Thoracic duct
    • What is the function of valves in lymphatic vessels?
      They keep lymph from sliding backwards.
    • What is the role of lymphoid organs?
      They remove foreign material from lymph and act as lookout points for immune defenses.
    • What type of tissue is diffuse lymphoid tissue?
      It is a loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and protein.
    • Where is diffuse lymphoid tissue found?
      In the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract.
    • What are lymph nodes and their characteristics?
      • Tightly packed cells and protein
      • Hundreds of nodes along vessels
      • Size: a few mm to 1-2 cm
      • Palpable in neck, armpits, and groin
    • What is the function of dendritic cells in lymph nodes?
      They present antigens and continuously sample lymph.
    • What do B cells do?
      B cells make antibodies and only react to foreign antigens.
    • What is the role of T cells in the lymphatic system?
      T cells monitor lymph nodes, lymph, and blood for pathogens and cells tagged by antibodies.
    • What are the two types of pulp in the spleen?
      • White pulp: involved in immune response
      • Red pulp: involved in recycling red blood cells
    • What happens to T cells that react to self-antigens?
      They are destroyed.
    • What are the types of tonsils?
      • Adenoid
      • Tubal
      • Palatine
      • Lingual
    • What is the function of tonsils?
      They trap pathogens from food and air.
    • What are the main functions of the lymphatic system?
      • Maintains fluid level
      • Absorbs dietary fat
      • Protects the body
    • What is lymph?
      Clear, slightly yellow fluid transported through tubes similar to blood vessels.
    • What is the role of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?
      Lymph nodes play a role in immune function.
    • What is the pathway of lymphatic fluid?
      • Lymphatic capillaries
      • Lymphatic plexuses
      • Lymphatic vessels
      • Lymphatic trunks
      • Thoracic duct & Right lymphatic duct
    • What does the right lymphatic duct collect lymph from?
      Right side of head & neck, right side of chest, and right upper limb.
    • What does the thoracic duct collect lymph from?
      Left side of head and neck, left side of chest, left upper limb, abdomen, and both lower limbs.
    • What is the cisterna chyli?
      • It is a lymphatic reservoir.
      • It collects lymph from lower limbs, abdominal viscera, and pelvis.
    • What happens if the spleen is palpable during examination?
      It indicates splenomegaly.
    • What should be reported to the healthcare provider regarding lymph nodes?
      Painless, enlarged, non-movable lymph nodes should be reported.
    • What are the signs of infection or inflammation in lymph nodes?
      • Redness
      • Warmth
      • Nearby wound
    • What does "shotty nodes" refer to?
      Small groups of nodes that move with pressure and are normal with recent infection.
    • What does "matted nodes" indicate?
      Swollen and grouped together nodes, which can indicate tuberculosis or Hodgkin disease.
    • What should be documented in cases of diffuse lymphadenopathy?
      Location and extent of the lymphadenopathy should be documented.
    • What does rapid enlargement of lymph nodes typically indicate?
      It typically indicates a malignant condition.
    • What is the normal size of healthy lymph nodes?
      Healthy lymph nodes are typically 0.5-1 cm.
    • What should be observed for in lymph nodes during assessment?
      Temperature, enlargement, firmness, tenderness, and mobility should be observed.
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