Alvarado’s theory of ethnicity and racial stereotypes

• Who developed a theory about the representation of ethnic minorities in the media?

  Alvarado
• What does Alvarado's theory suggest about the representation of ethnic minorities in the media?

  They are often represented in limited ways.
• What are the four main ways Alvarado believes ethnic minorities are represented in media?

  1. As pitied or vulnerable
  2. As dangerous
  3. As exotic or other
  4. As humorous
• How are ethnic minorities represented as pitied according to Alvarado?

  They are seen as vulnerable and in need of help.
• In what context does Alvarado suggest we often see representations of ethnic minorities as pitied?

  In representations of third world countries.
• What stereotype does Alvarado associate with the representation of ethnic minorities as dangerous?

  They are often portrayed as criminals or terrorists.
• Which ethnic groups does Alvarado mention in relation to being represented as dangerous?

  Black people and Middle Eastern people.
• How does Alvarado describe the representation of ethnic minorities as exotic?

  They are seen as foreign, strange, and different.
• Which theorists' ideas does Alvarado's concept of exotic representation link to?

  Stuart Hall and Gilroy.
• What characteristics are often attributed to ethnic minorities when represented as exotic?

  Secretive traditions, unusual foods, and strange styles of dress.
• How does Alvarado describe the representation of ethnic minorities as humorous?

  They are often portrayed as characters to be laughed at or with.
• What type of characters does Alvarado refer to when discussing humorous representations of ethnic minorities?

  Typical joker characters or funny sidekicks.
• What is the main focus of Alvarado's theory regarding ethnicity?

  • Representation of ethnic minorities in media
  • Limited portrayals leading to stereotypes
• What does Alvarado suggest about the sympathy felt towards ethnic minorities in media representations?

  He acknowledges the sympathy but critiques its limited nature.
• What is the purpose of the guide to Alvarado's theory mentioned in the text?

  • To provide an easy understanding of his theory
  • To highlight key representations of ethnic minorities in media