removing personal bias, investigators own ideas are distanced from the research and when recording observations
Empirical Method
(lab experiment) - applies scientific approaches e.g. controlled, standardised procedures that are based on gathering evidence through direct observation
Falsifiability
Karl Popper (1935) believed that genuine scientific theories should hold themselves up for hypothesis testing but also be able to reject the hypothesis
FALSIFIABILITY:
able to be proven false
set out to disconfirm
contingent - giving up on beliefs because you've been proven wrong
What did Karl Popper believe in?
Pseudoscience - fake science that couldn't hold up falsifiability as it couldn't test a hypothesis so therefore cannot be proven false
Replicability
the extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be
Hypothesis testing
a theory needs to propose a number of predictions (hypotheses) which can be tested to either strengthen the theory or prove it false
What is a Paradigm?
an accepted set of assumptions about something in particular, for example: gravity - it is agreed to by everyone and cannot be argued with
Why can't psychology be considered a paradigm?
because psychology is a field that encompasses multiple paradigms, such as behaviourism, cognitive psychology, and psychodynamic theory - as Kuhn suggested (1962) that psychology doesn't have a universally accepted paradigm
What is a paradigm shift?
an important change in the basic concepts of a scientific discipline - a scientific revolution