Determining the formula of ionic compounds

• What is a molecular formula example given in the study material?

  CHO
• What is an empirical formula example given in the study material?

  CHO
• What is a displayed formula example given in the study material?

  CHCOOH
• What does a skeletal formula show?

  It shows the arrangement of atoms and functional groups in a molecule
• What is an example of a monoatomic molecule?

  He
• What is an example of a diatomic molecule?

  O2
• What is an example of a triatomic molecule?

  H2O
• What is an example of a polyatomic molecule?

  NH4
• What are salts classified as?

  Salts are ionic compounds
• How do salts arise?

  They arise by the reaction of acids with bases
• What is the first step in naming salts?

  Split the formula in two
• What is the second step in naming salts?

  Determine the charges on the ions
• What is the third step in naming salts?

  The overall charge must be 0
• What is the name of the salt formed from Na+ and Cl- ions?

  Sodium chloride
• What is the name of the salt formed from Mg2+ and Cl- ions?

  Magnesium chloride
• What is the name of the salt formed from Al3+ and Cl- ions?

  Aluminum chloride
• What is the name of the salt formed from Fe3+ and O2- ions?

  Iron(III) oxide
• What is a polyatomic ion?

  A charged species consisting of two or more elements covalently bonded together
• How many main polyatomic ions should you memorize according to the study material?

  Five
• What are the five main polyatomic ions to memorize?

  • Hydroxide
  • Nitrate
  • Carbonate
  • Sulfate
  • Ammonia
• What is an ion?

  An atom or a group of atoms with a charge
• What does it mean if something is neutral?

  It has no charge
• What is a cation?

  A positive ion
• What is an anion?

  A negative ion
• What are the key differences between cations and anions?

  • Cations:
  • Positive charge
  • Anions:
  • Negative charge