Sociology beliefs in society mock

• Who are some key theorists mentioned in the study material regarding religion?

  Durkheim, Giddens, Berger
• What are the two types of belief systems discussed in relation to religion and science?

  Belief systems and ideological influences.
• What are the different theoretical views on the role and function of religion mentioned in the study material?

  • Functionalist
  • Marxist (including neo-Marxist)
  • Feminist
  • Postmodernist
• What does Weber's substantive definition of religion focus on?

  It focuses on the content or substance of religious belief.
• How does Durkheim define religion?

  As a system of interrelated parts that maintains social solidarity.
• What is the difference between the sacred and the profane according to Durkheim?

  The sacred inspires awe and is surrounded by taboos, while the profane is ordinary and mundane.
• What does Durkheim believe about totemism?

  It symbolizes the clan's identity and represents the power of the group.
• What does the term 'totemism' refer to?

  It refers to an animal or plant that has particular symbolic significance for a social group.
• According to Durkheim, what role do rituals play in religion?

  Rituals bind society together and enhance group solidarity.
• How does Durkheim view the relationship between religion and collective conscience?

  He believes sacred symbols represent collective conscience.
• What does Durkheim argue about the influence of religion in modern societies?

  He believes its influence will decline but will continue in an altered form.
• What psychological functions does Malinowski attribute to religion?

  Religion reduces stress during life crises and provides comfort in uncertain situations.
• How does Parsons view the role of religion in society?

  He believes religion helps individuals cope with unforeseen events and legitimates society's sacred values.
• What is 'civil religion' according to the study material?

  Civil religion includes ceremonies and symbols that reaffirm national identity.
• What does Bellah argue about American civil religion?

  It unifies society by attaching sacred qualities to society itself.
• What are some criticisms of functionalism in relation to religion?

  It neglects negative aspects of religion and ignores division and conflict.
• What do Marxists believe about the role of religion in society?

  They see it as an ideological weapon used by the ruling class to legitimize suffering.
• How does Marx view religion in relation to class conflict?

  He believes it distracts the working class from their exploitation.
• What does De Beauvoir argue about women's portrayal in religion?

  Women are often portrayed as closer to God only if they are passive and obedient.
• What is the significance of the Hijab according to Woodhead?

  It symbolizes a woman's resistance to oppression and can be liberating.
• What do Marxist feminists believe about religion's role for women?

  They believe it compensates for women's second-class status and promotes passivity.
• What is the conclusion regarding the views of Marxism, Functionalism, and Feminism on religion?

  All three believe traditional forms of religion will die out.
• How do feminists view the role of religious organizations?

  They see them as male-dominated institutions that enforce female subordination.
• What does Armstrong argue about early religions and women's roles?

  She argues that early religions often placed women at the center.
• What is the significance of the Church of England allowing women priests since 1992?

  It represents a shift towards gender equality in religious institutions.
• What do liberal Protestant organizations like Quakers and Unitarians advocate for?

  They are committed to gender equality.
• What is the role of piety movements according to Rinaldo?

  They support teachings about women's roles and conservative practices.
• How do Marxist feminists view the relationship between religion and women's empowerment?

  They see religion as a tool for oppression but also recognize women's vital role in introducing children to religion.
• What does the study material suggest about the relationship between religion and social cohesion?

  Religion helps maintain social cohesion and solidarity.
• What is the significance of rituals in Durkheim's theory of religion?

  Rituals are essential for binding society together and enhancing group solidarity.
• How does the study material describe the role of sacred symbols?

  Sacred symbols represent collective conscience and shared values.
• What does the study material suggest about the future of religion in modern societies?

  Religion will continue to exist in altered forms to maintain social solidarity.
• What does the study material imply about the relationship between religion and ideology?

  Religion serves as an ideological weapon for the ruling class.
• How does the study material describe the impact of religion on the working class?

  Religion creates a false consciousness that prevents the working class from acting against their exploitation.
• What does Lenin mean by describing religion as 'spiritual gin'?

  He means it confuses the masses and keeps them in their place.
• What does Marx believe about the relationship between religion and alienation?

  He believes religion is a product of alienation that distracts from the source of suffering.
• How do feminists view the role of sacred texts in religion?

  They see them as reflecting male dominance and anti-female stereotypes.
• What does the study material suggest about the role of women in early religions?

  Women were often placed at the center of early religions.
• What does the study material imply about the impact of monotheistic religions on women's roles?

  Monotheistic religions have legitimized male power over women.
• What does the study material suggest about the Church of England's decision to allow women priests?

  It indicates a shift towards gender equality in religious institutions.