Unit 5

• What is the circulatory system made of 


  Heat

  Arteries

  Arterioles

  Capillaries

  Venules

  veins
• what happens across the capillary walls


  exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products with the cells take place
• what is matter generally classifies as 


  gases

  liquids

  solids
• what is viscosity 


  the resistance to flow offered by a fluid in motion
• What is pressure 


  Driving force behind fluid flow
• What is pressure 


  Driving force behind fluid flow
• what is required for flow to occur

  pressure difference
• if there is a greater pressure difference the the flow rate will be 


  greater
• what is hydrostatic 


  force of gravity on a static fluid
• what is volumetric flow rate


  volume of blood passing a point per unit of time
• what is the formula for volumetric flow rate 


  Q=pressure gradient/velocity
• if there is a increase of resistance then the flow rate will 


  decrease
• if the pressure difference increases the flow rate will 


  increase
• if the size of of the vessel increases then the resistance will 


  decrease
• what is viscous loss 


  thickness of blood
• what is hematocrit 


  how many red blood cell are in blood
• what is frictional loss


  conversion of flow energy to heat

  blood sliding across vessel walls
• inertial loss


  tendency of fluid to resist changes
• Volume flow rate 


  Volume of blood moving during a particular time
• what is velocity 


  speed or swiftness of moving fluid from one location to another
• what are the types of flow

  plug flow

  laminar flow

  parabolic flow

  disturbed flow

  turbulent flow
• what is plug flow 


  the speed of the fluid is same across the entire tube
• what is laminar flow 


  faster in the middle and gets slower the closer it gets to the wall
• what is parabolic flow 


  form of laminar flow

  flow speed across the vessel is equal to one half the maximum flow speed
• what is disturbed flow 


  form of laminar flow

  occurs when the parallel streamlines are altered from their straight line form
• where does disturbed flow occur 


  stenosis

  bifurcation
• what is reynolds number 


  predicts whether flow is laminar or turbulent
• What number is laminar flow 


  Equal or less than 2000
• what number is turbulent flow 


  equal or above 3500
• what number is turbulent flow 


  equal or above 3500
• what number is turbulent flow 


  equal or above 3500
• what is pulsatile flow 


  non-steady flow

  acceleration and deceleration over the cardiac cycle
• where is pulsatlie flow

  found in arteries
• what is systolic 


  when the heart is pumping
• what is diastolic 


  heart not pumping
• what is poiseluille’s equation 


  for steady flow in long straight tubes
• if pressure difference or the diameter of the tube increases what does the flow rate do 


  increase
• if viscosity or the length of the tube increases then the flow rate 


  decreases
• what is poiseuille’s equation 


  Q=pie(P2-p1) x r^4/ 8Ln
• what is continuity rule 


  blood is neither created nor destroyed as it flows though the vessel