Types of experiments

• What are the different types of experiments discussed in the video?

  Lab, Field, Natural, and Quasi experiments
• What is the main principle of a laboratory experiment?

  The experimenter has full control over what happens in the experiment
• What are variables in a lab experiment?

  Factors that are controlled and do not vary between conditions
• What is the independent variable in an experiment?

  The factor that is changed between conditions
• What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

  The variable that is measured to see the effect of the independent variable
• How might changing the color of light in a room affect an experiment?

  It could influence the recall of numbers
• What is a strength of lab experiments regarding cause and effect relationships?

  They allow for confidence in suggesting a cause and effect relationship
• What does high internal validity in lab experiments mean?

  What is measured is true and due to the change in the independent variable
• What is a disadvantage of lab experiments related to external validity?

  They may not generalize to real-world environments
• What is meant by ecological validity?

  The extent to which findings can be generalized to real-world settings
• What is mundane realism?

  The extent to which tasks used in an experiment resemble real-world tasks
• What are demand characteristics in an experiment?

  When participants change their behavior because they know they are being studied
• What is the main advantage of field experiments over lab experiments?

  They are conducted in real-world settings, increasing ecological validity
• What is a disadvantage of field experiments related to internal validity?

  They lack control over extraneous variables
• What are extraneous variables?

  Variables that can change measurements of the dependent variable
• What is the difference between a natural experiment and a lab experiment?

  A natural experiment measures changes in the dependent variable that have already occurred naturally
• What is a strength of natural experiments?

  They allow research in areas that could not be studied otherwise
• What is a disadvantage of natural experiments regarding cause and effect relationships?

  There may be other factors influencing the dependent variable
• Why can natural experiments not be replicated easily?

  Because the situations occur naturally and are often rare
• What defines a quasi-experiment?

  It involves groups that cannot be randomly assigned to conditions
• What is a strength of quasi-experiments?

  They are the only way to study certain factors like age or gender
• What are confounding variables?

  Factors that change systematically between conditions and cannot be controlled