biology 2

• what is a community 


  the populations of different species living in a habitat
• what is meant by the term interdependence

  the way that each species in a community depends on other species for things
• what is the difference between a habitat and an ecosystem

  a habitat is a place where animals live but an ecosystem is the interaction of a community of animals
• what might animals compete for when looking for a habitat

  space , food , water
• how can we reduce the amount waste that goes into landfill

  people can recycle rather than dumping it
• how can regulations and governments help to reduce global warming

  these can lower the amount of carbon dioxide going into the atmosphere
• what two gasses contribute most to global warming

  carbon dioxide and methane
• give three uses of land that reduces the land available for other animals

  building , quarrying , growing crops for bio fuels
• give an example of human activity that is reducing biodiversity

  waste production , global warming
• give two ways that air can become polluted 


  smoke , acidic gases
• how do rivers and lakes become polluted

  waste products like sewage and toxic chemicals get into rivers and lakes
• how can the pollution of rivers and lakes reduce biodiversity

  chemicals used on land like fertilizers and can wash into the water . The pollution kills animals and plants
• how is carbon transferred between organisms in an ecosystem

  compounds containing carbon are passed up the food chain when animals eat certain plants and also other animals
• what is the role of respiration in the carbon cycle

  when organisms respire , carbon is returned into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide
• how does water from land and sea form clouds

  energy from the sun makes water evaporate from the and sea turning i into water vapor
• Lucas wants to study the clover population in his school field. How could he make sure that the quadrants are placed randomly around the field

  he could divide a map of the field into a grid and use a random number generator to select coordinates and then place the quadrant at that specific point
• what is the term used for an animal that kills and eats other animals

  a predator
• why do all food chains begin with a producer

  producers make there own food using photosynthesis so there doesnt need to be anything before them
• what is an extremophile 


  an animal that can live in extreme conditions
• where might an extremophile live 


  some extrem bacteria live in deep sea vents that are a very high pressure and some live in very hot volcanic vents
• screaming armadillos spend a lot of time in burrows and are able to produce small amounts of very concentrated urine.when they are threatened the scream really loudly and they curl up into s ball so there shell can protect them from any danger.what is one functional adaptions and how does it help them survive.

  there ability to produce small amounts of very concentrated urine is a functional adaption and means that because they live in very hot places like deserts it means that there is not a huge amount of water for them to drink.
• is the mineral content of soil a biotic of abiotic factor 


  its an abiotic factor as it is not living
• a pine plantation contains large pine trees that have been planted to produce a large amount of wood.To maximise the amount of wood produced,the trees have been planted very close together very few plants grow under the trees.why is that the case

  the light intensity on the forest floor is likely to be very low because the sun light is being blocked out by the dense trees
• what is bigger a gene or a genome

  a geneome is bigger than a gene
• what is a genome

  the entire set of genetic material in an organism
• how might studying the human genome be beneficial in medicine

  scientists can discover what genes are linked to what diseases.And then we can gain an even better understanding on some diseases
• what type of reproduction do humans use to produce offspring

  sexual reproduction
• what happens during meiosis

  a cell duplicates its genetic information.the cell divides twice, resulting in the production of four gametes
• what are archaea

  archaea are a type of prokaryotic cell,first found in places such as hot springs and salt lakes
• what is the order of the linnaean classification system

  kingdom , phylum , class , order , family ,genus , species
• how many genes controls if a human is red - green colour blind

  one
• is polydactyly is caused by a dominant or recessive allele

  polydactyly is caused by a dominant allele
• in a field of sunflowers there is variation in plant height how is variation caused

  variation in heights is caused by a combination of genes and the enviroment
• give one useful substance that bacteria have been genetically modified to produce

  insulin - this can treat diabetes
• what is homeostasis 


  the regulation of conditions inside the body
• what three conditions does homeostasis control 


  water , glucose level and body temp
• why is negative feedback


  it helps to maintain a stable internal enviroment. It helps to turn back to normal conditions
• True or False: are muscles and glands examples of receptors

  False
• what are muscles and glands examples of

  effector
• what does the CNS consist of 


  the brain and spinal cord