Psychology A-Level

• What is the main topic of the video discussed by Tim?

  AQA A Level Psychology
• Why is it suggested to look at the description for timestamps in the video?

  To jump between topics without watching the entire video
• What should you do to prepare for the exam while watching the video?

  Pause the video and write down important information
• What are the three types of conformity mentioned?

  • Internalization
  • Compliance
  • Identification
• What is internalization in the context of conformity?

  Changing beliefs or behavior to fit a wider social group genuinely
• How does compliance differ from internalization?

  Compliance involves aligning behavior despite private doubts
• What is identification in terms of conformity?

  Changing behavior to fit social norms associated with a specific role
• What are the two main explanations for conformity?

  • Informational Social Influence (ISI)
  • Normative Social Influence (NSI)
• What does ISI stand for and what does it involve?

  ISI stands for Informational Social Influence, which involves conforming based on information from the social group
• What does NSI stand for and what does it involve?

  NSI stands for Normative Social Influence, which involves conforming based on social norms
• Who conducted research on conformity and ISI in 1935?

  Sherif
• What was the main finding of Sherif's 1935 experiment?

  Participants conformed to group norms after being influenced by others
• What phenomenon did Sherif's experiment demonstrate?

  The autokinetic effect
• What ethical issue was present in Sherif's experiment?

  Participants were deceived about the nature of the experiment
• Who conducted research on NSI in 1951?

  Asch
• What was the main task participants had to perform in Asch's experiment?

  Identify which of three lines matched a standard line
• What was the control group's error rate in Asch's experiment?

  About 1% of the time
• What percentage of participants conformed to the wrong answers given by confederates in Asch's experiment?

  32%
• What are the situational factors influencing conformity?

  • Group size
  • Social support
  • Task difficulty
• How does group size affect conformity according to Asch's findings?

  Larger groups increase conformity up to a certain point
• What role does social support play in conformity?

  Having supportive others makes it less likely to conform
• How does task difficulty influence conformity?

  Harder tasks make individuals less likely to dissent
• What are the dispositional factors influencing conformity?

  • Gender
  • Experience and expertise
• What traditional view about gender and conformity has been discredited?

  That women are more likely to conform than men
• How does experience and expertise affect conformity?

  Individuals with more expertise are less likely to conform
• What is a social role?

  • A position within society
  • Can be voluntary or involuntary
• What is the Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) designed to investigate?

  Conformity to social roles
• What were the roles assigned in the SPE?

  Guards and prisoners
• What extreme behaviors did participants exhibit in the SPE?

  Rioting, violence, and aggression
• What ethical issues were present in the SPE?

  Participants suffered severe mental and physical health problems
• What was the conclusion drawn by Zimbardo from the SPE?

  Participants conformed to their expected social roles
• What was the outcome of Orlando's 1973 study in a mock psychiatric ward?

  Participants behaved like real patients despite knowing they weren't
• What was the aim of the 2006 BBC investigation related to social roles?

  To explore how social roles affect behavior
• What was a key finding from the 2006 BBC investigation?

  Neither prisoners nor guards conformed to expected behaviors
• What was Milgram's 1963 experiment primarily about?

  Obedience to authority
• What role did deception play in Milgram's experiment?

  Participants were misled about their role and the shocks
• What was the maximum voltage participants believed they were delivering in Milgram's experiment?

  450 volts
• What situational factor significantly affected obedience in Milgram's study?

  Proximity of the learner and authority figure
• What is agency theory as proposed by Milgram?

  People obey orders because they feel they are acting on behalf of a higher authority
• What are binding factors in agency theory?

  Variables that keep an individual in an agentic state