multi store model of memory

• the sensory register..


  stimuli from the environment. This part of our memory has memory stores, one for each of our five senses
• the types of stores in the sensory register..


  iconic, echoic
• iconic store is..

  stored visually, for things you see
• echoic memory is..

  the store for things acoustically, for example sounds
• short term memory is coded..

  mainly acoustically
• short term memory lasts..

  roughly 18 seconds
• maintenance rehearsal is..

  when we repeat materials (things) to ourselves over and over again, so if we rehearse it long enough it goes into our LTM
• long term memory is stored/coded..

  semantically (in terms of meaning) and it lasts up to a lifetime psychologists believe.
• steps of the msm of memory

  sensory register --> iconic/echoic stores --> STM --> prolonged rehearsal --> LTM
• Prolonged Rehearsal


  Repeating or rehearsing information to commit it to Long-Term Memory (LTM); increases chances of information being transferred from Short-Term Memory (STM) to LTM
• Maintenance Rehearsal


  A type of rehearsal that simply repeats information without deep processing or understanding; primarily used to prevent forgetting; does not transfer information to Long-Term Memory (LTM)
• Examples of Maintenance Rehearsal

  Repeating a phone number without understanding its meaning, reciting a slogan or jingle without context, or memorizing a sequence of numbers or letters without significance
• Joseph Jacobs 1887 study on digit span capacity (baseline study)


  Researcher reads out loud 4 digits to the participant, then the participant reads out loud the digits. The researcher then increases the digits to 5 and the participant reads it out loud. They keep going and reading more digits until they make an error.
• Joseph Jacobs 1887 digit span capacity findings 


  The mean span for digits was 9.3, for letters it was 7.3
• Baddeley A03 study for msm

  Found we tend to mix up words that sound similar when we are using our STM, but we mix up words with similar meanings when we are using our LTM. This shows STM and LTM and separate.