Non-fatal offences against persons

• What is the definition of assault?

  D intentionally or recklessly causes another person to apprehend the immediate application of unlawful force
• What must the victim be aware of for an assault to occur?

  The victim must have been aware at the time of the assault
• What is a defense against assault?

  Consent
• What constitutes battery?

  Person intentionally or recklessly applies unlawful force
• What is a defense against battery?

  Consent
• What is meant by "assault occasioning actual bodily harm"?

  Any hurt/injury which interferes with the health or comfort of another
• What must be proven for "assault occasioning actual bodily harm"?

  Elements of assault or battery must be proven
• What does Section 20 GBH require for proof?

  Proof of intention to cause some harm or recklessness regarding the risk of causing some harm
• What are examples of harm under Section 20 GBH?

  Breaking skin or causing a long period of unconsciousness
• What is required for Section 18 GBH?

  Wounding or causing GBH with intent to cause serious bodily harm
• What is a defense under Section 18 GBH?

  Consent in cases like surgery, tattoos, religious practices, sports, and sex acts
• How does the intent differ between Section 20 and Section 18 GBH?

  Section 20 requires intention to cause some harm, while Section 18 requires intent to cause serious bodily harm