transport of co2 in the blood

• what are the three ways in which carbon dioxide can be transported in the blood


  dissolved in plasma , carboamino haemoglobin and as hydrogen carbonate ions
• finish the word equation

  carbon dioxide + water -> carbonic acid
• what enzyme increases the rate at which carbonic acid is produced

  carbonic anhydrase
• what is the symbol equation for the production of carbonic acid

  CO2 + H2O -> H2CO3
• how does CO2 move around the body


  it diffuses from the respiring cells into plasma and then into red blood cell
• What does carbonic anhydrase do?


  carbonic anhydrase, helps in the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid
• what does carbonic acid dissociate into


  H+ and HCO3- / hydrogen ions and hydrogen carbonate ions
• how do hydrogen carbonate ions move into the plasma


  it diffuses down the concentration gradient into the plasma
• what is formed when hydrogen carbonate ions react with sodium ions


  sodium hydrogen carbonate
• what is the chemical equation for sodium hydrogen carbonate


  NaHCO3
• what happens when there is an accumulation of h+ ions in red blood cells


  it will cause a fall in ph and therefore the blood will become more acidic
• how does teh blood being more acidic alter the haemoglobin


  it will reduce the affinity oxygen
• what is formed when H+ ions combine with haemoglobin


  haemoglobinic acid which releases oxygen
• what happens to the oxygen produced from haemoglobinic acid


  it will diffuse from the red blood cells to the red blood cells
• what balances the movement of negative hydrogen carbonate ions


  the movement of chloride ions by facilitated diffusion
• what is the movement of chloride ions into the blood known as


  the chlorine shift
• what is the function of the chlorine shift


  it maintains the electronegativty of the red blood cells
• how much of the carbon dioxide is converted to hydrogen carbonate ions


  85%
• how much of the carbon dioxide is converted to carbamino-haemoglobin


  10%
• how much of the carbon dioxide is dissolved in plasma


  5%
• what explains the bohr effect in the blood


  the formation of carbonic acid and the fall of ph