Module 2.1.4- Acids

• Strong acid


  an acid that completely dissociates into ions in an aqueous solutione.g. HCl

  
• Weak acid


  An acid that partially dissociates in an aqueous solutione.g. CH3COOH
• Acids release ____ ions in an aqueous solution and alkalis release ____ ions in aqueous solution

  H+, OH-
• A base ____________ an acid to form a _____

  neutralises, salt

  
• Neutralisation reaction


  A reaction of an acid with a base, forming a salt and water

  
• Ionic equation of a neutralisation reaction


  H+ + OH- -> H2O

  
• Acid + Carbonate ->

  salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Acid + Metal oxide ->

  salt + water
• Uses of titration

  Finding the concentration of a solutionIdentification of unknown chemicalsFinding the purity of a substance
• How to prepare a standard solution


  1) weigh solid 2) dissolve solid in beaker using less water than needed to fill volumetric flask to the mark3) transfer to volumetric flask and rinse the beaker4) fill to graduation mark by adding water - meniscus lines up 5) invert volumetric flask (use distilled water)
• Acid base titration


  The process by which an acid of known concentration is added to a base of unknown concentration (or vice-versa) until a neutral pH is reached so as to determine the unknown concentration
• Titration calculations


  1. Work out number of moles of solute in solution for which you know both concentration and volume 2. Use equation to work out moles of solute in other solution 3. Work out unknown information