Variables

• Independent Variable (IV)

  The variable that you manipulate within a study
• Dependant Variable (DV)

  The variable that is measured within a study
• Extraneous variables

  Any variable apart from the IV which can effect the DV if not controlled.
• Participant variables

  Individual differences in the personal characteristics of participants that can affect the outcome of the study. This includes IQ, sleep and memory.
• Situation variables

  Features of the experiment that may affect the outcome of the study. This includes temperature of the room, difficulty of the task and whether some people usually complete something similar to the task on a regular basis
• Confounding variables

  Variables that have been found after the study that have affected the DV and therefore the outcome of the study. This includes the different times of day a study may have been carried out that can affect the outcome
• variables


  things that can be changed or altered, such as characteristics or values within a study