cell division by mitosis

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video on mitosis?

  The importance of mitosis and the stages of the cell cycle involving mitosis
• What is found in the nucleus of both plant and animal cells?

  Chromosomes made of DNA
• How many chromosomes does the cell mentioned in the video contain?

  Four chromosomes
• What is a key fact about body cells regarding chromosomes?

  Body cells contain two of each chromosome, meaning they are paired
• How many pairs of chromosomes do human body cells contain?

  23 pairs of chromosomes
• What are gametes in relation to chromosomes?

  Gametes have chromosomes that are not paired
• What do chromosomes carry that determines many of our features?

  Genes
• How many genes do the chromosomes in the video have?

  Four genes
• What is the significance of the cell cycle?

  Cells must be able to divide
• What are the two ways cells can divide?

  Mitosis and meiosis
• What happens in the first stage of the cell cycle?

  The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome
• What happens to the chromosomes during the first stage of the cell cycle?

  The chromosome and its copy remain attached
• What else occurs during the first stage of the cell cycle besides DNA replication?

  The cell grows and copies its internal structures
• What occurs in the second stage of the cell cycle?

  Mitosis takes place, pulling one set of chromosomes to each end of the cell
• What happens to the nucleus during mitosis?

  The nucleus divides
• What is the final stage of the cell cycle?

  The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two identical cells
• How many cells are produced at the end of the cell cycle, and what is their chromosome composition?

  Two identical cells, each with two pairs of chromosomes
• What might you see in certain textbooks regarding mitosis?

  Many different stages of mitosis
• What is the first function of mitosis mentioned in the video?

  Mitosis is essential for growth and development of multicellular organisms
• When does mitosis take place in an organism?

  When an organism repairs itself, such as when a broken bone heals
• What is another context in which mitosis occurs?

  During asexual reproduction
• What are the stages of the cell cycle involving mitosis?

  1. DNA replication: Two copies of each chromosome are formed.
  2. Mitosis: One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell, and the nucleus divides.
  3. Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two identical cells.
• What are the functions of mitosis?

  • Essential for growth and development of multicellular organisms
  • Repairs tissues (e.g., healing broken bones)
  • Occurs during asexual reproduction
• What is the composition of human chromosomes?

  • Body cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes
  • Gametes have unpaired chromosomes
  • Chromosomes carry genes that determine features
• What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

  • Mitosis: Produces two identical cells
  • Meiosis: Produces gametes with unpaired chromosomes