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    • What are the strengths of the biological approach?
      • Uses scientific methods for investigation.
      • Provides real-world applications, such as drug therapies for mental disorders.
    • What is a practical application of the biological approach?
      It has led to the development of psychoactive drugs to treat serious mental disorders.
    • How do antidepressant drugs work according to the biological approach?
      They increase levels of serotonin at the synapse to reduce depressive symptoms.
    • What is a counterpoint to the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs?
      Antidepressant drugs do not work for everyone, indicating variations in effectiveness.
    • Hormones play an important role in controlling our behaviour, particularly during puberty.
    • What is the focus of the biological approach in psychology?
      It investigates genetic and neurochemical factors.
    • What types of methods does the biological approach use?
      It uses a range of precise and objective methods.
    • What is one example of a scanning technique used in the biological approach?
      FMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
    • Why are scanning techniques like FMRI considered objective?
      They assess biological processes in ways that are not open to bias.
    • What is a strength of the biological approach in psychology?
      It is based on objective and reliable data.
    • What effect do drugs that treat clinical depression have on neurotransmitters?
      They increase levels of serotonin at the synapse.
    • What is the outcome for people with depression who use these psychoactive drugs?
      They are able to manage their condition better.
    • How do psychoactive drugs help in treating clinical depression?
      • Increase serotonin levels at the synapse
      • Reduce depressive symptoms
      • Allow better management of depression
    • What is a potential benefit of antidepressant drugs according to the study material?
      They allow individuals to live a relatively normal life.
    • How does the finding of Cipriani et al (2018) challenge the biological approach to depression?
      It suggests that brain chemistry alone may not account for all cases of depression.
    • What is a limitation of the biological approach to explaining behavior?
      • Explanations are deterministic
      • They see behavior as governed by internal, genetic causes
      • Suggests lack of control over behavior
    • How is the expression of genotype influenced according to the study material?
      The expression of genotype (phenotype) is heavily influenced by the environment.
    • Do genetically identical twins always act and think the same way?
      No, not every genetically identical twin acts and thinks exactly the same.
    • If Tesco's sales are 7,326,927 and total market sales are 241,011,680, what is Tesco's market share?
      Approximately 30.5%
    • What is market orientation?
      • Continuously identifies and analyzes customer needs
      • Sensitive to customer requirements
      • Adapts products accordingly
    • What is primary research?
      Gathering new information directly
    • What are some methods of primary research?
      Surveys, focus groups, and observations
    • Why is it important to understand customer needs?
      To successfully satisfy their expectations
    • What is the goal of market research?
      To quantify likely demand for a product
    • What does market orientation focus on?
      Customer preferences and needs
    • How can businesses react to changes in the market?
      By preparing for and adapting to changes
    • What is the purpose of determining buyer's patterns?
      To identify demand for products or services
    • How can loyalty customers impact a business?
      They can increase repeat purchases and sales
    • What is market segmentation?
      Dividing a market into distinct groups of consumers
    • What is market segmentation?
      Dividing a market into identifiable groups
    • What is the purpose of market segments?
      To identify groups with shared characteristics
    • What is demographic segmentation?
      Dividing the market by gender, age, etc.
    • What factors are included in demographic segmentation?
      Gender, age, income, social class, ethnicity
    • What is psychographic segmentation?
      Grouping consumers by attitudes and lifestyles
    • How might a travel agent use psychographic segmentation?
      By targeting extreme sports enthusiasts
    • What does behavioral segmentation focus on?
      How consumers relate to products or services
    • What are the features of behavioral segmentation?
      • User rate: categorizing by purchase frequency
      • Loyalty: based on consumer loyalty levels
      • Time and date of consumption: when products are used
    • What is a benefit of market segmentation?
      Better matching of customer needs
    • How can businesses increase customer loyalty through segmentation?
      By creating separate products for segments
    • How does market segmentation help in marketing products?
      Allows marketing a wider range of products