penicillin and tetracycline

• what type of antibiotic is tetracycline


  bacteriostatic
• What is tetracycline?


  this is an antibiotic that can prevent the growth of many different bacteria including both gram negative and gram positive
• where does tetracycline act as a competitive inhibitor


  on the second trna binding site on the 30s subunit of the ribosomal subunit in bacteria
• what effect does tetracycline have on trna


  it will prevent the binding of the complementary trna molecules to the second binding site , preventing the codon-anticodon complex
• what process does tetracyline inhibit


  translation and therefore protein synthesis
• what type of antibiotic is penicillin


  bactericidal
• what does penicillin affect


  the formation of cross linkages in the peptidoglycan cell wall during growth and division of bacterial cells
• how does penicillin affect the cross linkages in the peptidoglycan cell wall


  by binding to and inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the formation of these cross linkages
• what enzyme is responsible for the formation of cross linkages between the peptidoglycan cell wall


  transpeptidase
• describe penicillin's effect on transpeptidase


  it irreversibly binds to it and permanently alters the enzymes function
• what type of inhibitor is penicillin and why


  non-competitive inhibitor because it is not complementary to active sites
• as a result the cell all is weekend due to the penicillin , what will happen if the cell is placed in a hypotonic solution


  eventually the cell will burst as the wall is not strong enough anymore
• what type of bacteria is more susceptible to penicillin and why


  gram positive due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall
• why are viruses no affected by antibiotics


  viruses have no cell walls or metabolic processes for them to disrupt