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Hydrocarbons
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Cards (25)
Define the term hydrocarbon.
A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.
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Define the term alkane.
An alkane is a type of hydrocarbon that is saturated.
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What are the first four alkanes?
Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>)
Ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>)
Propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>)
Butane (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>)
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What is the general formula for an alkane?
The general formula for an alkane is C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub>.
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If an alkane has 5 carbon atoms, what is its molecular formula?
The molecular formula is C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub>.
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How many hydrogen atoms are in an alkane with 100 carbon atoms?
There are 202 hydrogen atoms.
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How is crude oil formed?
Crude oil is formed from the remains of ancient biomass that died millions of years ago.
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What happens to sea creatures when they die in relation to crude oil formation?
They are covered in sediment which later hardens to rock under heat and pressure.
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What are the three fossil fuels formed from ancient biomass?
The three fossil fuels are
coal
,
oil
, and
gas
.
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What is the significance of crude oil being a finite resource?
It means we are using it up much faster than it is being
produced
.
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What distinguishes saturated hydrocarbons from unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Saturated hydrocarbons have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms.
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What is the first example of an alkane mentioned in the video?
Methane is the first example of an alkane.
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What is a homologous series?
A homologous series is a group of chemicals that have similar chemical properties and the same
functional group
.
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How do the prefixes meth, eth, prop, and but relate to alkanes?
They refer to the number of carbon atoms in the alkane chain.
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What mnemonic can help remember the first four alkanes?
Most elephants prefer bacon
Methane (most)
Ethane (elephants)
Propane (prefer)
Butane (bacon)
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If you have a molecule with 7 carbon atoms, what is its molecular formula?
The molecular formula is C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>.
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What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 12 carbon atoms?
The molecular formula is C<sub>12</sub>
H<sub>26</sub>
.
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What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 20 carbon atoms?
The molecular formula is C<sub>20</sub>
H<sub>42</sub>
.
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How do you determine the number of carbon atoms from the number of hydrogen atoms in an alkane?
Use the
formula
\( n = \frac{(H - 2)}{2} \) where H is the number of hydrogen atoms.
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If you have 46 hydrogen atoms, what is the molecular formula?
The molecular formula is C<sub>22</sub>
H<sub>46</sub>
.
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What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 24 hydrogen atoms?
The molecular formula is C<sub>24</sub>
H<sub>50</sub>
.
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What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 40 hydrogen atoms?
The molecular formula is C<sub>40</sub>H<sub>82</sub>.
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What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 50 hydrogen atoms?
The molecular formula is C<sub>50</sub>
H<sub>102</sub>
.
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What is the purpose of the video?
The purpose is to provide an introduction to crude oil
hydrocarbons
and
alkanes
.
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What should viewers do if they found the video useful?
They should like and subscribe for more GCSE chemistry videos.
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