Paper one COMPSCI

• What is the term used to describe the collection of characters that can be represented in computing?

  Character set
• How does the number of bits per character relate to the number of characters that can be represented?

  More bits allow for a larger number of characters to be represented
• What does ASCII stand for?

  American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• What is Unicode?

  A character encoding standard that supports many languages
• How is an image represented in computing?

  An image is represented as a series of pixels in binary
• What is metadata in the context of images?

  Data that provides information about other data, such as image properties
• How does colour depth affect image quality?

  Higher colour depth results in better image quality
• What is the effect of resolution on image file size?

  Higher resolution typically increases the size of an image file
• What is the need for compression in digital files?

  To reduce file size for storage and transmission
• What are the two types of compression?

  • Lossy compression
  • Lossless compression
• What does LAN stand for?

  Local Area Network
• What does WAN stand for?

  Wide Area Network
• What factors can affect the performance of networks?

  Bandwidth, latency, and network congestion
• What are the different roles of computers in a client-server network?

  Clients request services, while servers provide them
• What hardware is needed to connect stand-alone computers into a Local Area Network?

  Wireless access points, routers, switches, and NICs
• What does NIC stand for?

  Network Interface Controller/Card
• What is the Internet?

  A worldwide collection of computer networks
• What does DNS stand for?

  Domain Name Server
• What is hosting in the context of the Internet?

  Providing storage space for websites on a server
• What is the Cloud in computing?

  A service that allows storage and access to data over the Internet
• What are web servers and clients?

  Web servers host websites, while clients access them
• What are the two types of network topologies mentioned?

  Star and Mesh network topologies
• What are the modes of connection for networks?

  Wired and wireless connections
• What is Ethernet?

  A wired connection method for networks
• What is Wi-Fi?

  A wireless connection method for networks
• What is Bluetooth?

  A wireless technology for short-range communication
• What is the Computer Misuse Act 1990?

  A law that addresses computer-related crimes
• What is the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988?

  A law that protects intellectual property rights
• What are software licenses?

  Agreements that define how software can be used
• What is the need for primary storage in a computer?

  To store data and instructions temporarily for quick access
• What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

  RAM is volatile memory, while ROM is non-volatile
• What is the purpose of ROM in a computer system?

  To store firmware and system instructions permanently
• What is the purpose of RAM in a computer system?

  To store data and instructions temporarily for quick access
• What is virtual memory?

  A memory management capability that uses disk space to extend RAM
• What is the need for secondary storage?

  To store data permanently and for long-term access
• What are common types of secondary storage?

  Optical, magnetic, and solid-state storage
• What are the advantages of solid-state storage?

  Faster speed and greater durability compared to magnetic storage
• What are the disadvantages of optical storage?

  Lower speed and susceptibility to scratches
• What characteristics should be considered when choosing storage devices?

  Capacity, speed, portability, durability, reliability, and cost
• What is a bit?

  The smallest unit of data in computing