Standard algorithm

• What are the four standard algorithms that you need to learn?

  Find Maximum, Find Minimum, Count Occurrences, Linear Search
• What is the purpose of the Find Maximum algorithm?

  It identifies the largest number in an array of values.
• What does the Find Minimum algorithm do?

  It identifies the smallest number in an array of values.
• What is the function of the Count Occurrences algorithm?

  It identifies the number of times a target value appears in an array of values.
• What does the Linear Search algorithm accomplish?

  It identifies the position of a target value in an array of values.

  
• What value would Find Maximum return if used on the Ages array?

  16
• What are the steps to implement the Find Maximum algorithm using arrays?

  1. SET max TO ages[0]
  2. FOR counter FROM 1 TO 4 DO
  3. IF ages[counter] > max THEN
  4. SET max TO ages[counter]
  5. END IF
  6. END FOR
  7. SEND "The highest age is " & max TO DISPLAY
• What is the first step in the Find Minimum algorithm using arrays?

  SET min TO ages[0]
• What are the steps to implement the Find Minimum algorithm using arrays?

  1. SET min TO ages[0]
  2. FOR counter FROM 1 TO 4 DO
  3. IF ages[counter] < min THEN
  4. SET min TO ages[counter]
  5. END IF
  6. END FOR
  7. SEND "The lowest age is " & min TO DISPLAY
• What value would Find Minimum return if used on the Ages array?

  7
• What are the steps to implement the Find Minimum algorithm using record structures?

  1. SET min TO UserDetails[0].ages
  2. FOR counter FROM 1 TO 4 DO
  3. IF UserDetails[counter].ages < min THEN
  4. SET min TO UserDetails[counter].ages
  5. END IF
  6. END FOR
  7. SEND "The lowest age is " & min TO DISPLAY
• What is the purpose of the Count Occurrences algorithm?

  To identify how many times a particular value appears in an array.
• What are the steps to implement the Count Occurrences algorithm using arrays?

  1. RECEIVE target FROM KEYBOARD
  2. SET numFound TO 0
  3. FOR counter FROM 0 TO 4 DO
  4. IF names[counter] = target THEN
  5. SET numFound TO numFound + 1
  6. END IF
  7. END FOR
  8. SEND "The number found is " & numFound TO DISPLAY
• What would Count Occurrences return if used on the Names array for the name "Betty"?


  2
• What are the steps to implement the Count Occurrences algorithm using record structures?

  1. RECEIVE target FROM KEYBOARD
  2. SET numFound TO 0
  3. FOR counter FROM 0 TO 4 DO
  4. IF UserDetails[counter].names = target THEN
  5. SET numFound TO numFound + 1
  6. END IF
  7. END FOR
  8. SEND "The number found is " & numFound TO DISPLAY
• What is the purpose of the Linear Search algorithm?


  To identify whether or not an item is in a list and which position it occupies.
• What are the steps to implement the Linear Search algorithm using arrays?

  1. RECEIVE target FROM KEYBOARD
  2. SET found TO FALSE
  3. SET position TO 0
  4. FOR counter FROM 0 TO 4 DO
  5. IF names[counter] = target THEN
  6. SET found TO TRUE
  7. SET position TO counter
  8. END IF
  9. END FOR

  10. IF found = TRUE THEN

  11. SEND "Found at position " & position TO DISPLAY

  12. ELSE

  13. SEND "Not found"

  14. END IF
• What would Linear Search return if used on the Names array for the name "Betty"?


  3
• What are the steps to implement the Linear Search algorithm using record structures?

  1. RECEIVE target FROM KEYBOARD
  2. SET found TO FALSE
  3. SET position TO 0
  4. FOR counter FROM 0 TO 4 DO
  5. IF UserDetails[counter].names = target THEN
  6. SET found TO TRUE
  7. SET position TO counter
  8. END IF
  9. END FOR

  10. IF found = TRUE THEN

  11. SEND "Found at position " & position TO DISPLAY

  12. ELSE

  13. SEND "Not found"

  14. END IF
• What is the maximum number of entries in the examples provided for user input?

  10
• What is the output message for the Find Maximum algorithm?

  "The largest number in the list is " & max
• What is the output message for the Find Minimum algorithm?

  "The smallest number in the list is " & min
• What is the output message for the Count Occurrences algorithm?

  "The name " & target & " appears " & counter & " times"
• What is the output message for the Linear Search algorithm?

  "Item was found at position " & position
• What is the output message if the item is not found in the Linear Search algorithm?

  "Item was not found"
• What is the data structure used in the examples for user details?

  RECORD UserDetails IS {STRING Firstname, STRING Surname, INTEGER Age, STRING House}
• What is the data type of the Age field in the UserDetails record structure?

  INTEGER
• What is the data type of the Firstname field in the UserDetails record structure?

  STRING
• What is the data type of the Surname field in the UserDetails record structure?

  STRING
• What is the data type of the House field in the UserDetails record structure?

  STRING
• What is the purpose of the InputBox function in the examples?

  It prompts the user to enter a value.
• What is the purpose of the ListBox1.Items.Add function in the examples?

  It adds the entered value to a list box for display.
• What is the purpose of the MsgBox function in the examples?

  It displays a message box with information to the user.
• What is the significance of the counter variable in the algorithms?

  It is used to iterate through the elements of the array or record structure.
• What does the term "initialise" mean in the context of the algorithms?

  It means to set a variable to a starting value.
• What does the term "SET" indicate in the algorithms?

  It indicates assigning a value to a variable.
• What does the term "SEND" indicate in the algorithms?

  It indicates displaying a message to the user.
• What does the term "RECEIVE" indicate in the algorithms?

  It indicates getting input from the user.
• What does the term "FOR" indicate in the algorithms?

  It indicates the start of a loop that iterates a specific number of times.
• What does the term "END" indicate in the algorithms?

  It indicates the conclusion of a loop or conditional statement.