Reactivity

• What is the focus of today's video?

  The reactivity series of metals and their reactions with acids and water
• What do metals have in common regarding their electron arrangement?

  They have electrons in the outermost shell that they want to get rid of
• What does the reactivity of a metal refer to?

  How easily it forms positive ions
• Which group of metals is the most reactive?

  Group 1 metals
• Why are carbon and hydrogen included in the reactivity series?

  As references to compare the metals against
• How do we determine the reactivity of metals?

  By reacting them with acids or water and comparing the speed or violence of the reactions
• What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

  A salt and hydrogen gas
• What would happen if potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  It would form potassium chloride and hydrogen, reacting explosively
• How does the violence of reactions change down the reactivity series?

  The reactions become less violent as we go down the series
• What happens when magnesium reacts with acid?

  It produces lots of bubbles as the solid metal disappears
• Which metals do not react with acids?

  Zinc, iron, and copper
• How can we measure the reactivity of metals besides observing the reactions?

  By measuring the temperature change of the reactions
• What is necessary for a fair test when comparing metal reactivity?

  Each metal sample must have the same mass and surface area, and use the same type and concentration of acid
• What do metals form when they react with water?

  Metal hydroxides and hydrogen
• Which metals do not react with water?

  Zinc, iron, and copper
• What happens when magnesium is placed in a solution of iron sulfate?

  Magnesium displaces iron to form magnesium sulfate and iron
• What occurs when copper is added to a solution of iron sulfate?

  Nothing happens because copper is less reactive than iron
• What is the reactivity series of metals?

  • A list that ranks metals based on their ability to form positive ions
  • Most reactive metals: Group 1
  • Less reactive metals: Group 2
  • Least reactive metals: Transition metals
  • Includes carbon and hydrogen for comparison
• What are the key points to remember about displacement reactions?

  • More reactive metals can displace less reactive ones
  • Example: Magnesium displaces iron in iron sulfate
  • Example: Copper cannot displace iron in iron sulfate