Humanistic approach

• EVAL

  😃emphasis on free will and the whole person

  • whole life experiences and free will in exploring reasons for behaviour

  😃positive real work applications

  • development of client-centred therapy
  • emphasis on providing unconditional psositive regard and helped improve self-esteem living a happy ad fulfilled life
• Maslow's hierarchy of needs

  • proposes every person is born with innate tendency to achieve their full potential, self-actualisation
  • 'personal growth'= pinnacle of a human and involves adaptation
  • achieving fulfilment=pinnacle of psychological wellbeing
  • all 4 levels must be be met before a person can work towards self-actualisation
• SELF-ACTUALIZATION- achieving full potential

  ESTEEM NEEDS- prestige and feelings of accomplishment

  BELONGINGNESS AND LOVE NEEDS- intimate relationship and friends

  SAFETY NEEDS- security and safety

  PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS- food, water, warmth, rest
• What does Rogers argue is necessary for personal growth?

  A person's concept of self must be equal to their ideal self
• What happens if the gap between self and ideal self is too big according to Rogers?

  It leads to low self-esteem and prevents self-actualization
• What are the two basic human needs identified by Rogers?

  Self-worth and unconditional positive regard from others
• Where do self-worth and unconditional positive regard come from according to Rogers?

  They come from good relationships with parents
• What are conditions of worth in Rogers' theory?

  Conditions set by others that must be met for self-acceptance
• What is the relationship between unconditional positive regard and self-worth?

  Unconditional positive regard leads to self-worth
• What does incongruence mean in Rogers' theory?

  It refers to the mismatch between self and ideal self
• What are defense mechanisms according to Rogers?

  They are necessary to protect against negative feelings when self and ideal self are incongruent
• Can a person be congruent all the time according to Rogers?

  No, a person cannot be congruent all the time
• What is the purpose of client-centered therapy in Rogers' approach?

  • To help deal with everyday problems
  • Most problems are rooted in childhood experiences
  • Result from lack of unconditional positive regard from parents
• What is the main focus of client-centered therapy?

  To address issues stemming from childhood experiences
• What is the result of a lack of unconditional positive regard from parents?

  It leads to problems in adulthood
• ssumptions

  • human beings are self-determining with free will
  • however still affected by internal and external influences, still active agents that can determine their own development and reject general laws
  • person-centered approach, focuses the experiences of the individual when accounting their behaviour