biological compounds

• what are the 4 key elements that make up biological molecules


  hydrogen ,oxygen , carbon and nitrogen
• What are inorganic compounds?


  Compounds that do not contain carbon
• what is the importance of magnesium


  it is vital in the for the production of chlorophyll and for photosynthesis
• what is the importance of iron


  it is a constituent of haemoglobin that transports oxygen into the red blood cells
• what can a lack of iron lead to in animals

  anaemia
• what are examples of biological / organic molecules


  carbohydrates lipids and proteins
• what is the importance of phosphate


  for making nucleic acids such as dna rna and atp
• what is the importance of calcium in animals


  it is a structural component for bones and teeth
• what are micronutrients


  inorganic nutrients needed in trace amounts
• what are examples of micronutrients


  copper and zinc
• what is meant by inorganic


  compounds that do not contain a carbon bonded to hydrogen
• what are examples of macroneutrients


  magnesium iron phosphate and calcium
• what are macronutrients


  inorganic ions needed in small amounts
• what is meant by organic


  Molecules that have carbon-hydrogen bond
• what is polymerisation


  A chemical reaction that joins up small monomer molecules into longer chains
• What is a condensation reaction?


  When two molecules bond through the loss of a water molecule.
• What is a hydrolysis reaction?


  A covalent bond is broken by adding a molecule of water.
• what elements do carbohydrates contain


  carbon hydrogen and oxygen
• what are the main functions of carbohydrates


  cellular structures and the release and storage of energy
• what are the three classes of carbohydrates

  monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
• What are monosaccharides? give examples


  simple sugars , glucose galactose and fuctrose
• what are diaccharides


  two monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds
• What are polysaccharides?


  large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides
• what is the chemical formula of monosaccharides


  (ch2o)n
• what is meant by abba


  alpha bellow beta above
• what are the properties of monosaccharides


  Sweet tasting and soluble and eaily transported around the blood
• what do you get when adding alpha glucose and glucose


  maltose
• what do you get when adding glucose and fructrose


  sucrose
• what do you get when adding glucose and galactose


  lactose
• what is the importance of maltose


  seed germination
• what bonds hold monosaccarides together

  glycosidic
• what type of polysaccarides have between 3 and 10 monosaccarides


  digosacchride