Biomolecules

• What is the title of the video to watch for the lesson?

  We're All Made of Stardust. Here's How.
• What should students be ready to do during the biology lesson?

  Students should be ready to think, complete activities, and discuss thoughts and ideas.
• What tools should students always have for the lesson?

  Writing equipment, lined, plain and graph paper, and a calculator.
• What previous knowledge should students build on for this lesson?

  Cell structure.
• What are the learning objectives for this lesson?

  • Identify the chemical elements in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
  • Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids as large molecules made from smaller basic units.
  • Investigate food samples for glucose, starch, protein, and fat.
• What are the useful words for this week?

  Lipid, Carbohydrate, Protein, Starch, Glycogen, Amino acids, Fatty acids, Glycerol, Glucose.
• What are biological molecules?

  Organic molecules necessary for life, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
• What elements do carbohydrates contain?

  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• What is the role of carbohydrates in the human body?

  They provide energy.
• What is the chemical formula of glucose?

  C₆H₁₂O₆
• What are the basic units of carbohydrates?

  Simple sugars.
• What is formed when two glucose molecules join together?

  Maltose.
• What are the larger carbohydrates formed from many glucose molecules called?

  Starch or glycogen.
• What elements do lipids contain?

  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• How do animal lipids differ from plant lipids at room temperature?

  Animal lipids are solid, while plant lipids are generally liquid.
• What percentage of the human body is made up of lipids?

  10%.
• What is the basic unit of most lipids?

  1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid chains.
• What are proteins needed for in the body?

  Growth and repair of all tissues.
• What percentage of the human body is made up of proteins?

  18%.
• What are proteins made from?

  20 different amino acids.
• What elements do amino acids contain?

  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
• How are amino acids linked together?

  In long chains, usually folded or twisted with cross-links.
• How do proteins differ in structure and function?

  Different proteins have varied shapes that determine their specific functions.
• What are the types of biological molecules and their examples?

  • Carbohydrates: Starch, glycogen, cellulose.
  • Lipids: Fats and oils (e.g., triglycerides).
  • Proteins: Made from amino acids (e.g., keratin, enzymes, hemoglobin).
• What is the procedure for testing for glucose using Benedict's solution?

  Add Benedict’s solution to the sample, heat at 60-70 °C for 5 minutes, and observe the color change.
• What indicates a positive test for glucose using Benedict's solution?

  A color change from blue to orange or brick red.
• What is the procedure for testing for starch?

  Add drops of iodine solution to the food sample and observe the color change.
• What indicates a positive test for starch?

  A color change from brown to blue-black.
• What is the procedure for testing for protein?

  Add drops of Biuret solution to the food sample and observe the color change.
• What indicates a positive test for protein?

  A color change from blue to violet/purple.
• What is the procedure for testing for lipids?

  Mix the food sample with ethanol, then add to an equal volume of cold water and observe.
• What indicates a positive test for lipids?

  A cloudy emulsion forming.
• What links the topics of diet and digestion, photosynthesis, and chemical reactions to biological molecules?

  • Diet and digestion: Nutrient intake and breakdown.
  • Photosynthesis: Energy conversion in plants.
  • Chemical reactions: Metabolism and energy use in organisms.
• What should students do after logging into Inspired AI?

  Complete any diagnostics/nuggets assigned for the week.
• What is the final note for the lesson?

  Lesson complete!