Research Studies

• Who conducted the study involving naive male participants and confederates regarding conformity?

  Asch
• What percentage of participants never conformed in Asch's study?

  25%
• In Asch's study, what was the percentage of participants who conformed at least once?

  75%
• What was the control group's conformity percentage in Asch's study?

  1%
• How many trials did 50% of participants conform on in Asch's study?

  6 or more trials
• What effect did task difficulty have on conformity in Asch's study?

  More difficult tasks led to more conformity
• How did group size affect conformity in Asch's study?

  Group size only mattered up to 3-4 people
• What was the effect of having one correct confederate on conformity in Asch's study?

  Conformity dropped to 5.5%
• What was the effect of having one wrong confederate on conformity in Asch's study?

  Conformity dropped to 9%
• Who conducted a study involving math questions of different difficulties?

  Lucas
• What was the finding regarding conformity in Lucas's study?

  Participants conformed more to incorrect answers when math was difficult
• Who conducted the prison experiment involving guards and prisoners?

  Zimbardo
• What roles were assigned to participants in Zimbardo's study?

  Participants were assigned as either guards or prisoners
• What was the outcome of the prisoners' rebellion in Zimbardo's study?

  Prisoners became subdued, anxious, and depressed
• How many prisoners were released early in Zimbardo's study?

  3 prisoners
• What was the finding regarding the hunger strike in Zimbardo's study?

  One prisoner went on a hunger strike and finished after 6 out of 14 days
• Who conducted the 'memory study' involving American male participants?

  Milgram
• What was the maximum voltage in Milgram's experiment?

  450 volts
• What percentage of participants stopped at 300 volts in Milgram's study?

  12.5%
• What percentage of participants continued to 450 volts in Milgram's study?

  65%
• What did psychology students predict about participants continuing to 450 volts in Milgram's study?

  They expected only 3% to continue to 450 volts
• What percentage of participants felt glad to have participated in Milgram's study?

  84%
• What signs of tension did participants show in Milgram's study?

  Some participants had seizures
• What effect did proximity have on obedience in Milgram's study?

  Obedience decreased with proximity
• What was the effect of touch proximity in Milgram's study?

  Obedience dropped to 30%
• What was the effect of remote-instruction on obedience in Milgram's study?

  Obedience dropped to 20.5%
• What was the effect of location on obedience in Milgram's study?

  Obedience dropped to 47.5% in a run-down building
• What was the effect of uniform on obedience in Milgram's study?

  Obedience dropped to 20% when the experimenter was replaced by an ordinary person
• Who conducted a study involving citizens of NYC and confederates in different outfits?

  Bickman
• What was the finding regarding obedience to the 'security guard' in Bickman's study?

  People were twice as likely to obey the 'security guard'
• Who conducted a study involving nurses and a doctor named 'Dr. Smith'?

  Hofling
• What percentage of nurses obeyed the order to administer a dangerous dosage in Hofling's study?

  21 out of 22 nurses obeyed
• What did the control group in Hofling's study reveal about nurses' intentions?

  21 out of 22 said they would disobey
• Who conducted a study with six people, including confederates, viewing colored slides?

  Moscovici
• What was the effect of consistent confederates in Moscovici's study?

  1. 42% of participants gave the same wrong answer
• What was the effect of inconsistent confederates in Moscovici's study?

  1. 25% agreement among participants
• What was the control group's wrong answer percentage in Moscovici's study?

  0.25% of the time
• Who conducted a study involving groups of four discussing compensation for a ski-lift accident?

  Nemeth
• What was the effect of a flexible minority in Nemeth's study?

  Minority flexible led to majority compromise
• Who conducted a study on memory using acoustically and semantically similar words?

  Baddeley