early modern

• politics

  king appoints PM

  MPs= crown appoints land owners

  MoL born into seat
• 1517


  martin luther 95 theses criticse catholic church practices
• 1530s


  reformation and break with rome
• 1588


  spanish armada
• 1536-40


  dissolution of monasteries
• 1560s onwards


  elizabethan middle way
• 1605


  gunpowder plot
• 1642-51

  english civil war
• 1645-47


  witch craze
• 1649


  charles I beheaded
• 1649-60


  interregum, oliver cromwell
• 1666


  great fire of london
• 1680

  bloody code introduced
• 1485-1509


  henry VII
• 1509-47


  henry VIII
• 1547-53


  edward VI
• 1553-58


  mary I
• 1558-1603


  elizabeth I
• 1603-1625


  james I
• 1625-49


  charles I
• 1660-1685


  charles II
• 1685-1688


  james II
• 1688-1701


  william and mary
• 1701-1714


  anne I
• 1679


  habeas corpus
• policing changes

  parish constables

  town watchmen

  sergeants

  army

  arrest awards for citizens
• watchmen 


  night patrol, all males had to volunteer, unpaid, 10pm-dawn
• town constable


  oversees watchmen, employed by authorities, highly respected, power to arrest
• 1551


  more than 1/2 population in towns
• 1576


  benefit of clergy abolished
• henry VI benefit of clergy


  branded
• edward VI benefit of clergy


  murder couldn't go to church court
• punishment changes

  transportation to america

  carted around streets

  bridewells, house of correction
• 1688


  50 crimes
• 1765


  160 crimes
• 1815


  225 crimes
• examples of bloody code


  cutting down tree, poaching, steeling sheep
• bloody code factors


  pamphlets, hysteria and fear, growing population, better roads, saw poor as threat
• robert peel affect on bloody code


  home secretary, influenced MPs, showed increasing rate, invested taxes into transportation and prisons
• 1823


  gaol's act (prison building)