Psychology approachs

• What is the main focus of behaviorism in psychology?

  Observable behavior that can be measured in controlled environments
• How does behaviorism view the difference in learning between humans and other animals?

  It suggests there is little difference in learning processes
• What is the basis of behavior according to behaviorism?

  All behavior is learned from the environment
• Who is associated with classical conditioning?

  Ivan Pavlov
• What does the term 'classical conditioning' refer to?

  It refers to the association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus
• What are the stages of classical conditioning?

  1. Before conditioning: Neutral stimulus (no response) + Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) -> Unconditioned response (UCR)
  2. During conditioning: Neutral stimulus + UCS -> UCR
  3. After conditioning: Conditioned stimulus (CS) -> Conditioned response (CR)
• What is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in Pavlov's experiment?

  Food
• What is the unconditioned response (UCR) in Pavlov's experiment?

  Salivation
• What happens during the conditioning phase in classical conditioning?

  The neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus
• What is the role of a person who supports monks through giving alms?

  They could gain spiritual merit or benefits
• What is the significance of the bell in Pavlov's experiment after conditioning?

  The bell becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits a conditioned response
• What is the definition of stimulus-response in behaviorism?

  It is the idea that behavior is a response to a specific stimulus
• What is the definition of conditioned response (CR)?

  A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
• What is the definition of conditioned stimulus (CS)?

  A previously neutral stimulus that, after conditioning, elicits a conditioned response
• What are the implications of behaviorism on learning theories?

  It emphasizes the role of environmental factors in shaping behavior
• What is the role of reinforcement in behaviorism?

  Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated