global resources

• What was the number of people living in extreme poverty in 1990?

  1. 9 billion
• How did the percentage of people living in extreme poverty in LICs change from 1990 to 2015?

  It fell from 50% to 14%
• What percentage of the population in LICs lived on at least $4/day in 2015?

  Nearly 50%
• What was the middle-class population percentage in LICs in 1900?

  18%
• What are the projected trends in global population by income from 1965 to 2030?

  • In 1965: 3.27 billion people
  • In 2030: 8.01 billion people
  • Increase in the top income group and middle class
  • Decrease in the bottom income group
• What is the expected trend for the ranks of the world’s wealthy by 2030?

  The ranks will continue to grow as emerging market nations create more millionaires
• Which countries are expected to contribute the most to the growth of the middle class by 2030?

  China and India
• What is the projected percentage drop of people in India and China below the middle class by 2030?

  70%
• How many middle-class people were there in 2009?

  1. 8 billion
• What economic impact does the increasing middle-class sector have?

  It helps to increase sales of consumer goods
• What was the percentage increase in sales of cars and motorbikes between 2009 and 2015?

  Over 800%
• What was the middle-class percentage in Brazil and South Korea in the 1980s?

  Brazil’s middle class was less than 30%, while Korea’s was over 50%
• What vulnerabilities do people earning over $4/day face?

  They remain vulnerable to unemployment and underemployment
• How many people still live in extreme poverty as of the study material's context?

  Over 800 million
• What percentage of global workers work in unsafe conditions?

  Approximately half
• What are the main uses of water in high-income and low-income countries?

  High-income countries:

  • Domestic use: 8%
  • Industrial use: 10%
  • Agricultural use: 82%

  
  

  Low-income countries:

  • Domestic use: 11%
  • Industrial use: 59%
  • Agricultural use: 30%
• What is the projected global population by 2050?

  9 billion
• What is the meaning of "virtual water"?

  Water transferred through exports, allowing countries to outsource their water needs
• How has calorie intake changed globally?

  It has steadily increased as the world’s population has increased
• What has happened to land availability per person in many areas?

  It has declined due to rapid population growth and land-use changes
• What are the three main ways to increase crop production?

  Extensification, multicropping, and intensification
• What is the predicted change in the demand for food by 2050 according to the FAO?

  The growth in demand for food is likely to fall from 2.2% to 1.5% per year
• What factors have contributed to increased energy insecurity since 2004?

  Increased demand, decreased reserves, geopolitical developments, global warming, and terrorist activity
• What are the two types of energy resources mentioned?

  Renewable and non-renewable resources
• What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?

  Renewable sources can be replenished naturally, while non-renewable sources cannot
• What is the common misconception about nuclear power?

  Nuclear power is often mistakenly considered a renewable source of energy
• What is the expected trend for fossil fuel use in the future?

  It is expected to increase to meet global energy demand
• What are some examples of renewable energy sources?

  Solar, hydroelectric, wind, and tidal energy
• Why are renewable energy resources considered sustainable?

  Because there is no depletion of natural capital
• What is the expected trend for the use of renewable energy sources?

  Their use is expected to increase
• What is the main characteristic of non-renewable energy supplies?

  They cannot be renewed at the same rate as they are used
• What is the role of nuclear power in energy supply?

  Nuclear power is an alternative to fossil fuels
• What are the two main types of energy resources?

  Renewable and non-renewable resources
• What are examples of non-renewable energy supplies?

  Fossil fuels such as coal, gas, and oil
• Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable?

  They cannot be renewed at the same rate as they are used
• What is a non-renewable resource mentioned in the text?

  Uranium
• What makes renewable energy resources sustainable?

  There is no depletion of natural capital
• Name some renewable energy sources.

  Solar, hydroelectric, wind, and tidal
• What is a characteristic of nuclear power?

  It is a low-carbon, low-emission, non-renewable resource
• Why is nuclear power considered controversial?

  Due to the problem of storing radioactive waste and potential accidents