Anaerobic Respiration

• What is the second type of respiration discussed in the material?

  Anaerobic respiration
• Why is anaerobic respiration considered less efficient than aerobic respiration?

  Because it produces much less energy from glucose due to the absence of oxygen
• How many ATP molecules are produced during anaerobic respiration?

  2 molecules of ATP
• What happens to muscles during vigorous exercise when oxygen supply is insufficient?

  Lactic acid is produced due to anaerobic respiration
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

  glucose → lactic acid
• What effect does lactic acid buildup have on muscles?

  It causes pain and fatigue in the muscles
• What is meant by "oxygen debt" after anaerobic respiration?

  It refers to the need to breathe hard to restore aerobic respiration
• What do plants produce during anaerobic respiration under certain conditions?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• Under what conditions do plants resort to anaerobic respiration?

  In waterlogged soil where there is little or no oxygen
• Which organisms can respire anaerobically besides plants?

  Some fungi, such as yeast
• What are the products of anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What are the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  • Aerobic Respiration:
  • Conditions: Oxygen present
  • Substrate: Glucose (or another organic molecule)
  • Products: Carbon dioxide and water
  • Energy transferred: Lots – 32 ATP made

  
  

  • Anaerobic Respiration:
  • Conditions: Not enough oxygen present
  • Substrate: Glucose (or another organic molecule)
  • Products: In animals – lactic acid; In plants and fungi – ethanol and carbon dioxide
  • Energy transferred: Much less – 2 ATP made
• What is the product of anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Lactic acid
• What is the product of anaerobic respiration in plants and some fungi?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• Why is it advantageous for organisms to respire aerobically rather than anaerobically?

  Because aerobic respiration produces more energy (32 ATP) compared to anaerobic respiration (2 ATP)
• What is the main substrate used in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose
• How does the energy yield of anaerobic respiration compare to that of aerobic respiration?

  Anaerobic respiration yields much less energy than aerobic respiration