Hormones in Reproduction

• What is the menstrual cycle controlled by?

  Four hormones
• What is the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  It causes the lining of the uterus to thicken and stimulates the production of LH
• What does LH stand for?

  Luteinizing hormone
• What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

  The release of an egg is stimulated
• What is the function of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

  It maintains the lining of the uterus and inhibits the production of FSH
• How does progesterone affect the menstrual cycle when its levels are high?

  It inhibits the production of FSH and allows the cycle to start again
• What are the main hormones involved in the menstrual cycle and their roles?

  • Estrogen: Thickens the uterine lining and stimulates LH production
  • LH (Luteinizing hormone): Stimulates egg release at day 14
  • FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone): Involved in the maturation of eggs
  • Progesterone: Maintains the uterine lining and inhibits FSH production
• What is the significance of day 28 in the menstrual cycle?

  The spongy lining of the uterus breaks down again
• What does a high level of progesterone indicate in the menstrual cycle?

  It indicates that the uterine lining is maintained and the cycle is ready to start again
• What does FSH stand for?

  Follicle-stimulating hormone
• How does the menstrual cycle restart?

  When the levels of progesterone drop, the cycle starts again
• What is the relationship between estrogen and LH in the menstrual cycle?

  Estrogen stimulates the production of LH
• What happens to the uterine lining if progesterone levels are low?

  The uterine lining will shed
• What is the role of the brain in the menstrual cycle?

  The brain helps to regulate the hormones involved
• What is the significance of the term "spongy lining" in the context of the menstrual cycle?

  It refers to the thickened uterine lining that can break down if pregnancy does not occur
• What does the term "ovulation" refer to in the menstrual cycle?

  The release of an egg from the ovary
• What triggers the release of an egg during the menstrual cycle?

  The surge in LH levels
• How do the levels of estrogen and progesterone interact during the menstrual cycle?

  Estrogen levels rise to thicken the lining, while progesterone maintains it after ovulation