preconception health & reproduction

• Why does pre-conception health matter?

  It affects the chances of conceiving for women and men
• How can weight affect pre-conception health?

  It can influence fertility and the chances of conceiving
• What impact does smoking have on pre-conception health?

  It can reduce fertility and affect the chances of conception
• How does drinking alcohol influence pre-conception health?

  It can negatively affect fertility for both women and men
• What role do recreational drugs play in pre-conception health?

  They can impair fertility and reduce the chances of conceiving
• How does parental age affect pre-conception health?

  Older parental age can decrease fertility and increase risks
• What are two factors affecting pre-conception health for women?

  Folic acid and up-to-date immunisations
• Why is folic acid important before pregnancy?

  It helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus
• Why should a mother be up to date with immunisations before pregnancy?

  To protect both her health and the health of the baby
• What are the types of contraception methods?

  • Barrier methods: Male condoms, Female condoms, Diaphragm or cap
  • Hormonal methods: Contraceptive pills (Combined pill, Progesterone only pill), Contraceptive injection, Contraceptive implant
  • Intrauterine devices: Intrauterine device, Intrauterine system
  • Emergency contraceptive pill
  • Natural family planning: Temperature method, Cervical mucus method, Calendar method
• How do barrier methods prevent pregnancy?

  They physically block sperm from reaching the egg
• What is the effectiveness of male condoms if used correctly?

  They are about 98% effective
• What is the effectiveness of the combined contraceptive pill if used correctly?

  It is over 99% effective
• What is a key advantage of the contraceptive implant?

  It provides long-term contraception for up to 3 years
• How does the emergency contraceptive pill work?

  It prevents ovulation or fertilization after unprotected intercourse
• What is the temperature method in natural family planning?

  It involves tracking body temperature to predict ovulation
• What is the cervical mucus method in natural family planning?

  It involves observing changes in cervical mucus to identify fertile days
• What is the calendar method in natural family planning?

  It involves tracking the menstrual cycle to predict fertile days
• How do hormonal methods of contraception work?

  They alter hormone levels to prevent ovulation
• What factors should be considered when choosing a contraception method?

  Effectiveness, availability, and personal circumstances
• How does breastfeeding affect contraception choices?

  Some methods may not be suitable during breastfeeding