Heart

• What is the role of the circulatory system?

  To transport oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues
• What are the three main components of the circulatory system?

  Blood, blood vessels, and the heart
• What is the function of blood in the circulatory system?

  To carry oxygen and nutrients
• How does the heart contribute to the circulatory system?

  It pumps blood to keep it moving through the vessels
• What is the structure of the heart?

  • Consists of four chambers
  • Has thick muscular walls
  • Contains veins and arteries
• How many chambers does the heart have?

  Four chambers
• What are the top chambers of the heart called?

  Atria
• What is the individual top chamber of the heart called?

  Atrium
• What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

  Ventricles
• What is the function of the valves in the heart?

  To prevent blood from flowing backwards
• Describe the path blood takes through the heart.

  1. Blood enters via the vena cava and pulmonary vein
  2. Flows into the right atrium and left atrium
  3. Atria contract, pushing blood into ventricles
  4. Ventricles contract, sending blood into pulmonary artery and aorta
  5. Cycle repeats
• How many times does the heart cycle in a minute?

  About 70 times
• What is the role of pacemaker cells in the heart?

  They produce electrical impulses to regulate heart contractions
• What is an artificial pacemaker used for?

  To regulate heart contractions when natural pacemaker cells fail
• What does the term artery refer to?

  A vessel that carries blood away from the heart
• What is the difference between arteries and veins?

  Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood to the heart
• Can arteries carry deoxygenated blood?

  Yes, for example, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
• Can veins carry oxygenated blood?

  Yes, for example, the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood
• What are coronary arteries?

  Small arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
• What is the importance of coronary arteries?

  • Supply oxygen and nutrients to heart muscle
  • Ensure proper heart function
• What is the total number of times the heart beats in a day?

  Over 100,000 times
• How does the structure of the heart support its function?

  The thick muscular walls allow for strong contractions to pump blood effectively
• Why is it important to understand the orientation of the heart in diagrams?

  Because the left side of the heart is on the right in diagrams
• What happens to the atria when the ventricles contract?

  The atria refill with new blood
• What is the significance of the heart's electrical impulses?

  They ensure the heart contracts in a coordinated manner
• What is the function of the vena cava?

  To carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
• What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

  To carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
• What happens to blood in the lungs?

  It gains oxygen and becomes oxygenated
• What is the role of the aorta?

  To carry oxygenated blood to the rest of the body