misleading info affecting eye witness testimony

• what is meant by eye witness testimony

  evidence given by an on locker at the scene of a crime
• What is meant by misleading information?

  Incorrect information given to an eyewitness after an event this distort the reality for what people remember
• Who are the two psychologists under that misleading information affecting eyewitness testimonies?

  Loftus and Palmer 1974
• what is a leading question?

  A type of question, which suggest the answer that should be given affecting eyewitness testimony
• what is a post event discussion?


  to a crime, discuss the event with each other
• what was the aim of misleading information affecting eyewitness testimonies?

  Investigate the effect leading questions have on the accuracy of eyewitness testimonies
• what was the procedure at Loftus and Palmer proposed affecting eyewitness testimonies?

  45. Participants watched film clips of a traffic accident then gave them questions about the accident.
• what are the five words to do with how cars were going?

  smashed, collided, bumped, hit, contacted
• what were the findings of Loftus and Palmer’s research into eyewitness testimonies?

  contacted had a speed estimation of 31.8 mph and smashed had a mean estimation speed of 40.8 mph
• what is a post event discussion?

  Debriefing
• what was gabbert et al 2003 procedure?

  60 students were put into pairs and watch a video of a girl stealing money from a wallet
• what were the findings of gabbert et al’s research into eyewitness testimonies?

  71% of the witnesses recalled information they had not actually seen and 60% said that the girl was guilty even though they had not actually seen her actions
• what is memory contamination?

  Distortion of the original memory and changes to what was reported
• what is memory conformity?

  When a witness may alter their memories to gain in social approval and to fit in with the group
• there is a strength into the effects of misleading information on eyewitness testimonies


  Many useful applications
• what is a limitation of the effects of misleading information on eyewitness testimonies?

  There is a low population validity
• what is a limitation of the effects of misleading information on eyewitness testimonies?

  Low ecological validity