GIT Reviewer

• What is the definition of Information Technology (IT)?

  IT is the application of hardware and software to retrieve, store, transmit, and manipulate data.
• What is data?

  Data are facts that are recorded and stored.
• How is information defined in the context of decision making?

  Information is processed data used in decision making.
• What determines the value of information?

  The value of information is the benefit produced by it minus the cost of producing it.
• What is a system?

  A system is a set of two or more interrelated components interacting to achieve a goal.
• What are the main functions of information systems?

  • Collect, process, store, and distribute information
  • Support decision making, coordination, and control
  • Help analyze problems and visualize complex subjects
  • Create new products
• What are the components of an information system?

  1. Hardware
  2. Software
  3. Data
  4. Processes
  5. People
• What does hardware refer to in an information system?

  Hardware refers to the tangible aspect of a computer system.
• What is software in the context of an information system?

  Software includes programs and operating information used by a computer.
• What role does data play in an information system?

  Data is the raw material that an information system transforms into useful information.
• What are processes in an information system?

  Processes are tasks and business functions performed to achieve specific results.
• Who are considered stakeholders in an information system?

  Stakeholders are those who have an interest in an information system.
• What is the role of a systems analyst?

  A systems analyst plans, develops, and maintains information systems.
• What is a brick-and-mortar business?

  A brick-and-mortar business is a traditional street-side business offering face-to-face services.
• What is a click-and-mortar business model?

  A click-and-mortar business has both online and offline operations.
• What does B2C stand for?

  B2C stands for Business-to-Consumer.
• What is the main characteristic of B2B transactions?

  B2B transactions involve transactions between businesses.
• What are the categories of systems based on user groups?

  1. Office Systems
  2. Operational Systems
  3. Decision Support Systems
  4. Executive Information Systems
• What are examples of information systems according to the support provided?

  • Inventory Control (TPS)
  • Customer Order Processing (TPS)
  • Records Management (MIS)
  • Payroll (TPS)
• What is the role of top managers in an organization?

  Top managers are responsible for strategic plans.
• What is the purpose of systems analysis and design?

  It is a step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems.
• What does the systems development life cycle (SDLC) encompass?

  SDLC encompasses defining, designing, testing, and implementing a software application.
• What is the initial stage in the SDLC?

  Systems planning is the initial stage in the SDLC.
• What is the purpose of systems analysis?

  Systems analysis involves analyzing activities to create or improve a system.
• What are functional requirements?

  Functional requirements define what the system should achieve in terms of features and capabilities.
• What are non-functional requirements?

  Non-functional requirements define how the system should perform rather than what it should do.
• What are examples of non-functional requirements?

  • Performance: Website should load within 3 seconds.
  • Scalability: Handle increasing users without degradation.
  • Security: Passwords should be securely hashed.
  • Usability: Interface should be intuitive.
  • Reliability: 99.9% uptime required.
• What is the goal of systems design?

  The goal of systems design is to build a system that is effective, reliable, and maintainable.
• What is prototyping in system development?

  Prototyping is the method by which a prototype is developed through analysis, design, modeling, and testing.
• What are the types of prototyping methods?

  1. System prototyping
  2. Design prototyping (Throwaway prototyping)
• What are CASE tools?

  CASE tools are software that help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems.
• What are the limitations of prototypes?

  Prototypes are less efficient than fully developed systems and may require upgrades.
• What are future trends in software development?

  • Web services
  • Open-source software
  • Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
  • Loose coupling
  • Increased focus on software quality
• What is a user interface?

  A user interface describes how users interact with a computer system.
• What is the purpose of human-computer interaction?

  Human-computer interaction studies the relationship between computers and users.
• What are the seven habits of successful interface designers?

  1. Understand the Business
  2. Maximize Graphical Effectiveness
  3. Think Like a User
  4. Use Models and Prototypes
  5. Focus on Usability
  6. Invite Feedback
  7. Document Everything
• What happens during systems implementation?

  Systems implementation begins once the client has tested and approved the system.
• What is the focus of systems maintenance?

  Systems maintenance includes eliminating flaws and updating documentation.
• What are general guidelines for computer etiquette?

  Be respectful, courteous, and aware of online behavior standards.
• What is netiquette?

  Netiquette refers to the acceptable standards of behavior online.