Atomic structure & periodic table

• what is the plum pudding model?

  a cloud of positive charge with negative electrons embedded
• what is the alpha scattering experiment?

  alpha particles fired at a piece of gold foil
• what is a proton?

  a small particle with a positive charge
• what charge does the neutron have?

  no charge
• where are protons and neutrons in the atom?

  the nucleus
• what is the relative mass of a proton?

  1
• what is the relative mass of a neutron?

  1
• what is the relative mass of an electron?

  0
• what is an element?

  a substance made of one type of atom
• what is a compound?

  different types of atoms chemically bonded together
• what is an isotope?

  atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons than protons
• what is a mixture?

  two or more elements or compounds that arent chemically combined
• substances in a mixture can be seperated
• what are the different ways of seperating mixtures?

  filtration

  distillation

  crystallisation

  chromatography
• what is chromatography?

  a method used to separate substances in a mixture based on how the compounds interact with mobile and stationary phase
• what is filtration?

  a physical method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
• what is distillation?

  a way of separating a liquid from a mixture
• what is crystallisation?


  the formation of solid crystals as water evaporates from a solution
• what are the properties of group 0 elements?


  full outer shells

  very unreactive

  boiling points increase down the group
• what do group 1 elements react with?

  oxygen

  chlorine

  water
• what are the properties of group 1 elements?

  1 electron on the outer shell

  very reactive

  reactivity increases down the group
• why are group 1 elements so reactive?

  they only need to lose 1 electron to react
• group 1 elements have weaker electrostatic attraction
• what is the name for group 7 elements?

  halogens
• what are the halogens?

  fluorine

  chlorine

  bromine

  iodine
• the reactivity of halogens decreases down the group
• how does displacement occur in compounds with group 7 elements?

  the more reactive halogen will take the place of the less reactive one in the compound