EXPERIMENTS

• TYPES OF EXPERIMENT?

  • laboratory
  • field
  • natural
  • quasi
• IN WHAT KIND OF ENVIRONMENT DOES A LABORATORY EXPERIMENT TAKE PLACE IN?

  highly controlled
• WHAT EXPERIMENT TAKES PLACE IN A HIGHLY CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT?

  laboratory
• WHAT TYPE OF SETTING DOES A LABORATORY EXPERIMENT TAKE PLACE IN?

  artificial setting
• WHAT TYPE OF EXPERIMENT TAKES PLACE IN A ARTIFICIAL SETTING?

  laboratory
• WHAT TYPE OF PROCEDURE IS USED IN A LABORATORY EXPERIMENT?

  standardised procedure
• DOES A LABORATORY EXPERIMENT HAVE TO BE IN A LAB?

  no
• IN WHAT KIND OF SETTING DOES A FIELD EXPERIMENT TAKE PLACE?

  natural/ real life setting
• WHAT TYPE OF EXPERIMENT TAKES PLACE IN A NATURAL/ REAL LIFE SETTING?

  field experiment
• IN WHICH EXPERIMENTS DO THE RESEARCHERS MANIPULATE THE IV?

  laboratory, field
• WHAT TYPE OF PROCEDURE IS USED IN A FIELD EXPERIMENT?

  standardised procedure
• DISADVANTAGES OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS?

  low control over extraneous variables
• WHAT IS REQUIRED IN MOST FIELD EXPERIMENTS?

  retrospective consent (less ethical)
• IN WHAT TYPE OF EXPERIMENT DOES THE RESEARCHER NOT MANIPULATE THE VARIABLE BUT TAKE ADVANTAGE OF A SITUATION?

  natural experiment
• WHAT IS A NATURAL EXPERIMENT?

  a researcher taking advantage of an observable situation
• WHAT KIND OF ENVIRONMENT CAN A NATURAL EXPERIMENT TAKE PLACE IN?

  laboratory/ natural
• WHAT IS A QUASI EXPERIMENT?

  researcher sets up investigation where two groups are compared on the basis of a characteristic about them
• WHAT KIND OF SETTING CAN A QUASI EXPERIMENT OCCUR IN?

  any
• WHAT TYPE OF EXPERIMENT IS SET UP BY THE RESEARCHER BUT THE IV IS NOT MANIPULATED BY THEM?

  quasi experiment
• STRENGTHS OF LAB EXPERIMENTS?

  • high control over EVs/ CVs
  • causality can be established
  • high internal validity
  • replication is more possible
• WEAKNESSES OF LAB EXPERIMENTS?

  • lacks mundane realism
  • may not provide ecologically valid data
  • lacks generalisability
  • low external validity
  • time consuming
  • expensive
• STRENGTHS OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS?

  • high mundane realism
  • provide ecologically valid data
  • high external validity
  • reduced demand characteristics
• WEAKNESSES OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS?

  • low control over EVs/ CVs
  • causality cannot be established
  • hard to precisely replicate
  • ethical issues
  • time consuming
  • expensive
• STRENGTHS OF NATURAL EXPERIMENTS?

  • provide opportunities
  • high external validity
  • reduced demand characteristics
• WEAKNESSES OF NATURAL EXPERIMENTS?

  • low control over participant variables
  • cannot be randomly allocated to groups
  • few opportunities
  • IV not deliberately changed (cannot claim IV has any observed change)
  • small sample size
• STRENGTHS OF QUASI EXPERIMENTS?

  • compare two groups in a controlled setting
  • high control over EVs/ CVs
  • causality can be established
  • practical (no pre-screening/ random allocation)
  • ethical
• WEAKNESSES OF QUASI EXPERIMENTS?

  • low control over participant variables
  • cannot be randomly allocated to groups
  • IV not deliberately changed (cannot claim IV has any observed change)
  • often artificial (low ecological validity)