Structure and function of neurons

• What is the primary function of sensory neurons?

  To send information about sensory stimuli towards the CNS
• How do sensory neurons contribute to the processing of sensory stimuli?

  They transmit sensory information to the brain for processing
• What do motor neurons do?

  They send instructions for responses and actions away from the CNS
• What types of actions do motor neurons facilitate?

  Muscle movement, hormone release, and digestion
• What is the role of relay neurons?

  To connect messages within the CNS
• What is the function of myelin sheaths in neurons?

  To protect and insulate the axon
• How do nodes of Ranvier affect nerve impulse transmission?

  They help to speed up the transmission of the impulse
• What does the cell body of a neuron contain?

  The genetic material of the cell
• What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

  To receive information from neighboring neurons and take the signal to the cell body
• What are the three types of neurons and their functions?

  • Sensory neurons: Send information about sensory stimuli to the CNS
  • Motor neurons: Send instructions for responses/actions away from the CNS
  • Relay neurons: Connect messages within the CNS
• What are the key components of a neuron and their functions?

  • Myelin sheaths: Protect and insulate the axon
  • Nodes of Ranvier: Speed up impulse transmission
  • Cell body: Contains genetic material
  • Dendrites: Receive information from neighboring neurons