plant structure

• What is the function of the upper epidermis in leaf structure?

  It is transparent to let light through
• Why does the spongy mesophyll have gaps?

  To facilitate gas exchange and provide a large surface area
• What is the purpose of the waxy cuticle on a leaf?

  It is waterproof to stop water loss from the top of the leaf
• Where does most photosynthesis take place in a leaf?

  In the palisade mesophyll
• What are the components of the vein or vascular bundle in a leaf?

  Xylem and phloem
• What is the location of the lower epidermis in a leaf?

  It is the bottom of the leaf
• What are stomata and their function?

  They are holes in the lower epidermis that allow gases in and out, including water
• How do guard cells function in relation to stomata?

  They change size to control the rate of gases entering and exiting through stomata
• What are the main components of leaf structure and their functions?

  • Upper Epidermis: Transparent to let light through
  • Spongy Mesophyll: Gaps for gas exchange (large surface area)
  • Waxy Cuticle: Waterproof to prevent water loss
  • Palisade Mesophyll: Main site of photosynthesis
  • Vein/Vascular Bundle: Contains xylem and phloem
  • Lower Epidermis: Bottom layer of the leaf
  • Stomata: Holes for gas exchange
  • Guard Cells: Control gas exchange through stomata