VIRUS

    Cards (22)

    • What are common symptoms of the common cold?
      Sneezing and coughing
    • Why can't the common cold be treated with antibiotics?
      Because it is caused by a virus
    • What causes the common cold?
      A virus
    • How are viruses classified in relation to living things?
      Viruses are not classified as living things
    • What do antibiotics target?
      Bacteria like E. coli
    • What is the structure of viruses compared to cells?
      Viruses are much smaller than cells
    • What type of microscope is typically needed to see a virus?
      An electron microscope
    • What is a bacteriophage?
      A type of virus that attacks bacteria
    • What do all viruses have in common?
      They have some type of genetic material
    • What forms can viral genetic material take?
      DNA or RNA
    • What is a capsid?
      A protein coat that protects viral genetic material
    • What additional structures can some viruses have?
      Special enzymes or an outer envelope
    • Why can't viruses replicate on their own?
      They need a host to replicate
    • What is the lytic cycle?
      A viral replication cycle where the virus destroys the host cell
    • What happens to the host cell during the lytic cycle?
      The cell membrane ruptures, causing cell death
    • What is the lysogenic cycle?
      A viral replication cycle where the virus's genetic material integrates into the host's DNA
    • What triggers the lysogenic cycle to switch to the lytic cycle?
      A chemical trigger or lack of food for the host
    • How does HIV affect the immune system?
      It targets Helper T cells, making the body vulnerable to infections
    • What is the role of medications developed for HIV?
      To slow down the replication of the virus
    • Why is mutation a challenge for treating viruses like HIV?
      Because treatments may not work on mutated forms of the virus
    • What are the potential positive roles of viruses?
      • Useful in gene therapy
      • Can target pest insects as an alternative to chemical pesticides
      • Example: Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus
    • What should be considered when discussing the use of viral pesticides?
      There could be consequences in the ecosystem
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