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VIRUS
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Created by
Danica Amankwaah
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Cards (22)
What are common symptoms of the common cold?
Sneezing
and
coughing
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Why can't the common cold be treated with antibiotics?
Because it is caused by a
virus
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What causes the common cold?
A
virus
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How are viruses classified in relation to living things?
Viruses
are not classified as living things
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What do antibiotics target?
Bacteria like
E. coli
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What is the structure of viruses compared to cells?
Viruses are much
smaller
than cells
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What type of microscope is typically needed to see a virus?
An
electron microscope
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What is a bacteriophage?
A type of
virus
that attacks
bacteria
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What do all viruses have in common?
They have some type of
genetic material
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What forms can viral genetic material take?
DNA
or
RNA
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What is a capsid?
A
protein
coat that protects
viral
genetic material
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What additional structures can some viruses have?
Special
enzymes
or an
outer envelope
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Why can't viruses replicate on their own?
They
need
a
host
to
replicate
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What is the lytic cycle?
A
viral
replication cycle where the virus destroys the
host
cell
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What happens to the host cell during the lytic cycle?
The
cell membrane
ruptures, causing
cell death
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What is the lysogenic cycle?
A viral replication cycle where the virus's
genetic material
integrates
into the host's
DNA
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What triggers the lysogenic cycle to switch to the lytic cycle?
A
chemical trigger
or lack of food for the host
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How does HIV affect the immune system?
It targets
Helper T cells
, making the body vulnerable to infections
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What is the role of medications developed for HIV?
To slow down the
replication
of the virus
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Why is mutation a challenge for treating viruses like HIV?
Because
treatments
may not work on
mutated
forms
of the
virus
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What are the potential positive roles of viruses?
Useful in
gene therapy
Can target pest insects as an alternative to chemical pesticides
Example:
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus
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What should be considered when discussing the use of viral pesticides?
There could be consequences in the
ecosystem
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