Diffusion

• What is the process called when particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration?

  Diffusion
• What type of process is diffusion in terms of energy requirement?

  It is a passive process that requires no energy.
• How does heat affect the rate of diffusion?

  Heat increases the kinetic energy of particles, leading to a higher rate of diffusion.
• What factors affect the rate of diffusion?

  • Concentration gradient: Greater difference increases rate.
  • Temperature: Higher temperature increases kinetic energy.
  • Membrane thickness: Thinner membranes increase rate.
• What happens to the rate of diffusion as the concentration gradient increases?

  The rate of diffusion increases with a greater concentration gradient.
• Why do humans have a narrow tolerance for temperature change?

  Because of the enzymes that function optimally within a specific temperature range.
• What is the relationship between membrane thickness and the rate of diffusion?

  The thinner the membrane, the faster the rate of diffusion.
• What substances are transported by diffusion in the body?

  Oxygen, food, and waste products.
• Where does diffusion occur in the human body?

  • In the lungs (alveoli)
  • In the small intestine (villi)
  • Across capillary walls
• What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in capillaries compared to the alveoli?

  There is a high concentration of carbon dioxide in capillaries.
• What is the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli compared to the capillaries?

  There is a high concentration of oxygen in the alveoli.
• What structural features of alveoli facilitate diffusion?

  Thin walls and a large surface area with many folds.
• How does the structure of capillaries aid in diffusion?

  Capillaries have thin walls that allow for efficient diffusion.