MATHM | Statistics

• from the Latin word “status” which means state.


  Statistics
• in statistics is always a result of experiment, observation, investigation and other means and often appears as a numerical figure and then evaluated to make it into useful knowledge.

  Data
• deals with the collection and presentation of data and collection of summarizing values to describe its group characteristics.

  Descriptive Statistics
• deals with the predictions and inferences based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of the information gathered by the statistician.

  Inferential Statistics
• a numerical characteristic or attribute associated with the population being studied.

  Variable
• values obtained by counting

  Discrete Variable
• values obtained by measuring, all of which cannot be put into a list because they can have any value in some interval of real numbers

  Continous Variable
• Ex. Number of students

  Discrete
• Ex. Length, height, kg, average of speed

  Continous
• Measured with numbers

  Numerical
• Textual and Descriptive

  Categorical
• Ex. Color, Gender, Country, Religion

  Nominal
• classifies elements into two or more categories or classes, the numbers indicating that the elements are different but not according to order or magnitude

  Nominal
• a scale that ranks individual in terms of the degree to which they possess a characteristic of interest

  Ordinal
• Ex. Agree and disagree, Military Ranks, Top 1-10, Educational attainment

  Ordinal
• There is no absolute zero in this scale

  Interval
• Ex. Temperature, IQ, Likert scale

  Interval
• has an absolute zero

  Ratio
• Ex. Weight, Length, Height, Rates, Speed of car

  Ratio