B9b

• What does photosynthesis do in the carbon cycle?


  take carbon from the atmosphere in the form of CO2
• What does eating do in the carbon cycle?


  Passes carbon compounds to animals in a food chain
• What does excretion do in the carbon cycle?


  Waste products release carbon when broken down
• What does respiration do in the carbon cycle?


  Release CO2 back into the air
• What does decomposition do in the carbon cycle?


  Decomposers release CO2 back into the air
• What does combustion do in the carbon cycle?


  Releases CO2 when matter Is burnt
• What does fossilisation do in the carbon cycle?


  Seals carbon as fossil fuels
• What is the water cycle?


  ~evaporation= water evaporates from the sea, land and plants (plants due to transpiration)

  ~condensation= the water vapour rises and condensed to form clouds

  ~precipitation= water falls from clouds (rain, snow, hail) onto land

  ~repeats
• How is a thermal desalination preformed?


  Salt water is heated in an enclosed vessel, so that the water evaporates. The steam rises to the top of the vessel, but the salts stay at the bottom. The steam then travels down a pipe from the top of the vessel and condenses back into pure water.
• What does lighting do in the nitrogen cycle?


  The energy in the bolt forces the nitrogen to react with the oxygen to make nitrates
• What do plants do in the nitrogen cycle?


  Absorb the nitrates in the soil and uses them to make proteins
• What does eating do in the nitrogen cycle?


  Moves nitrogen along the food chain as proteins
• What do decomposes do in the nitrogen cycle?


  Break down proteins and urea, returning nitrogen to the soil
• What does nitrogen fixing bacteria do?


  Fix N2 gas from the air into nitrates for the plants to take in via the roots
• What does decomposer bacteria do?


  Break down waste (urea) and dead organisms into ammonia
• What does nitrifying bacteria do?


  convert ammonia into nitrates for plants to take in via roots
• What does denitrifying bacteria do?


  Converts nitrates into nitrogen gas.
• What does the rate of decay depend on?

  ~temperature (warm temperatures sped up the microbes enzymes)

  ~water content (decay takes place faster in moist environments)

  ~oxygen availability (many microbes need oxygen for aerobic respiration)
• What are some food preservation methods?


  ~storing food in a fridge or freezer

  ~storing food in airtight cans

  ~drying food

  ~selling food in bags full of nitrogen
• What the equation for the rate of decomposition?


  Mass lost / number of days
• What does the amount of lichen in an area tell you?


  How much sulfur dioxide is in the air depending on the type of lichen
• What does the amount of black spot fungus on a rose tell you?


  If there’s no black spot fungus, there’s loads of sulfur dioxide in the air
• What does a mayfly nymph tell you about the amount of pollution in the water?


  Low pollution levels
• What does a worm tell you about the water quality?


  There could be loads of pollution
• What’s the disadvantage to using water pollution indicator species?


  Don’t know the level of pollution because those that can live in high levels can also live in low levels