strong and weak acids

    Cards (23)

    • What is the main focus of the video?
      The difference between strong and weak acids and their relation to pH
    • What pH value indicates an acid?
      A pH of less than seven
    • Why do acids have a pH of less than seven?
      Because they ionize in aqueous solutions to release hydrogen ions
    • What ions does hydrochloric acid dissociate into?
      H+ and Cl- ions
    • What ions does nitric acid dissociate into?
      A hydrogen ion and a nitrate ion
    • What defines strong acids?
      They ionize completely in solution
    • Name two examples of strong acids.
      Hydrochloric acid and nitric acid
    • How do weak acids differ from strong acids in terms of ionization?
      Weak acids do not fully ionize in solution
    • Give an example of a weak acid.
      Ethanoic acid
    • What does it mean that the ionization of a weak acid is reversible?
      There is an equilibrium between undissociated and dissociated forms
    • What does the double arrow in the dissociation equation of ethanoic acid indicate?
      That the reaction is reversible
    • What does it mean when we say the equilibrium lies to the left for weak acids?
      There are more undissociated acid molecules than dissociated ones
    • How is acid strength different from acid concentration?
      Strength refers to how much an acid ionizes, while concentration measures the amount of acid in a volume
    • Can strong acids be found in both high and low concentrations?
      Yes, strong acids can be at both high and low concentrations
    • What is pH a measure of?
      The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
    • How does the pH scale relate to hydrogen ion concentration?
      As hydrogen ion concentration increases, pH decreases
    • What does a decrease of one on the pH scale represent?
      An increase in hydrogen ion concentration by a factor of 10
    • If the pH changes from 5 to 3, how much does the hydrogen ion concentration increase?
      By a factor of 100
    • If the pH changes from 8 to 11, how much does the hydrogen ion concentration decrease?
      By a factor of 1,000
    • How can a strong acid achieve a low pH?
      By fully dissociating to release many hydrogen ions
    • What must a weak acid be to achieve a low pH?
      It must be highly concentrated
    • At any given concentration, how does the pH of a strong acid compare to that of a weak acid?
      A strong acid will always have a lower pH than a weak acid
    • What determines the pH of a solution?
      The concentration of hydrogen ions
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