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Paper 1
Chemical changes 4
strong and weak acids
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Created by
Hebe Higgins
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Cards (23)
What is the main focus of the video?
The difference between
strong
and
weak acids
and their relation to
pH
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What pH value indicates an acid?
A pH of less than
seven
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Why do acids have a pH of less than seven?
Because they
ionize
in aqueous solutions to release
hydrogen ions
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What ions does hydrochloric acid dissociate into?
H+
and
Cl-
ions
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What ions does nitric acid dissociate into?
A
hydrogen ion
and a
nitrate ion
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What defines strong acids?
They
ionize
completely in solution
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Name two examples of strong acids.
Hydrochloric acid
and
nitric acid
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How do weak acids differ from strong acids in terms of ionization?
Weak acids do not fully
ionize
in solution
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Give an example of a weak acid.
Ethanoic
acid
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What does it mean that the ionization of a weak acid is reversible?
There is an
equilibrium
between undissociated and dissociated forms
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What does the double arrow in the dissociation equation of ethanoic acid indicate?
That the reaction is
reversible
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What does it mean when we say the equilibrium lies to the left for weak acids?
There are more
undissociated
acid molecules than
dissociated
ones
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How is acid strength different from acid concentration?
Strength refers to how much an acid
ionizes
, while concentration measures the amount of acid in a
volume
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Can strong acids be found in both high and low concentrations?
Yes
, strong acids
can
be at both
high
and
low
concentrations
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What is pH a measure of?
The concentration of
hydrogen ions
in a solution
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How does the pH scale relate to hydrogen ion concentration?
As hydrogen ion concentration
increases
, pH
decreases
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What does a decrease of one on the pH scale represent?
An increase in
hydrogen ion
concentration by a
factor of 10
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If the pH changes from 5 to 3, how much does the hydrogen ion concentration increase?
By a factor of
100
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If the pH changes from 8 to 11, how much does the hydrogen ion concentration decrease?
By a factor of
1,000
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How can a strong acid achieve a low pH?
By fully
dissociating
to release many
hydrogen ions
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What must a weak acid be to achieve a low pH?
It must be highly
concentrated
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At any given concentration, how does the pH of a strong acid compare to that of a weak acid?
A strong acid will always have a
lower
pH than a weak acid
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What determines the pH of a solution?
The concentration of
hydrogen ions
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