Atomic structure

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    Created by
    Joshua Jeffries

    Cards (49)

    • What do atoms become when not having a full outer shell?(most of them are like this in the first place)
      They become unstable, meaning they need lose or gain electrons
    • What Group already as a full outer shell?
      Group 0, noble gases
    • What are isotopes?
      Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
    • What is a ion?
      A positively or negativly charged atom.
    • What charge is an atom when it gains electrons?
      A negative charge when gaining electrons in a reaction.
      A positive charge when losing electrons in a reaction.
    • What are the rows of the periodic table called?
      Periods
    • How does each element relate when in the same column?
      They are have chemically similar properties.
    • What are the columns of the period table called and how many are there?
      Groups and there are 8 of them including group 0
    • Why are elements in the same group chemically similar?
      They have the same number of atoms on the outer shell.
    • What does the number of the group show?

      How many electrons are on the outer shell.
    • What does the line splitting the periodic table split?
      Metals and non-metals (metals to the left of the line)
    • The atoms of elements in the same period have the same number of:
      Shells
    • What do metals form when reacting?
      A positive ion
    • What do non-metals form when reacting?
      Either no ion or a negative ion
    • Why do metals always lose electrons?
      Because they have a small amount of electrons on the outer shell
    • Why are elements with more shells more reactive?
      Outer shell electrons are further from the nucleus, so they are less strongly attracted and easier to lose or share in chemical reactions.
    • What do metals become the further down the group they are?
      They become more reactive
    • What are the properties of metals?
      They have metallic bonding

      They are malleable

      They are a good conductor of heat and electricity

      They have high melting and boiling points

      They are also shiny and sonorous
    • What are the properties of non-metals?
      Lower densities
      Brittle
      Poor conductors of electricty
      Dull in colour
      Low melting and boiling points
    • What are the extra properties that transition metals have?
      Can form more than one ion (each on is often different in colour)
      They make very good catalysts
    • What are group 1 metals also know as?

      Alkali metals
    • How are group 1 metals different from other metals?

      They are soft (most metals are normally the opposite of this)
      They have low density ( most metals are normally high)
      They have a low melting point ( most metals are normally high)
    • What happens the further you go down the group in group 1 metals?
      They metals become more reactive
      There boiling and melting points decrease
    • Why are group 1 metals so reactive and what type of ion do they become?
      They only have 1 electron on the outer shell, meaning they can react easily to become more stable.
      They become a +1 ion
    • Why do group 1 metals become more reactive the further down the group you go?
      Because there outermost electrons are further away from the nucleus
    • What type of bond is created when group 1 metals react with no metals?
      Ionic bond
    • How do group 1 metals react with water and what is the general word equation?
      Violently.
      Word equation: metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
    • How do group 1 metals react with chorine and what is an example equation?
      Violently
      Sodium +chlorine --> sodium chloride
    • What salts are formed when a group 1 metal reacts with chlorine?
      Form white metal chloride salts
    • What is the general word equation for when a group 1 metal reacts with oxygen?
      Alkali metal + oxygen --> metals oxides
      Each group 1 metals forms a different metal oxide
    • What metals oxide does lithium for when reacting with oxygen?
      Lithium oxide
    • What two metal oxides form when sodium reacts with oxygen?

      Sodium oxide (Na2O) or sodium peroxide (Na2O2)
    • What 2 metal oxides form when potassium and oxygen react?
      Potassium peroxide (K2O2) and Potassium super oxide (KO2)
    • What are group 7 elements also know as?
      Halogens
    • What are the group 0 gases also know as?
      Noble gases
    • What is the dangerous property of group 7?

      They are all poisonous
    • What can all group 7 atoms be and what is this called?
      They can all be pairs of atoms and this is called Diatomic molecules.
    • How do group 7 atoms exist as pairs of atoms?
      Because they share an electron each and form a covalent bond
    • What is the trend when going down the group in group 7?

      Melting and boiling points increase.
      Reactivity decreases
    • Why does reactivity decrease as you go down group 7?

      The nucleus is further away from the outer electron making it harder to attract another electron
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